Biology Test October 30

Question 1

RNA: Definition, full word, picture.

Answer 1

Ribonucleic acid

• Nucleic acid that acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes
• Carries out process by which protiens are made

Question 2

Differences between DNA & RNA

Answer 2

DNA.                    RNA
sugar.     Deoxyribose.      Ribose
Strands.  Double.              Single
Base
Pairs.      A,T,C,G.          A,U,C,G

• rna- protien synthesis
  Dna- holds genetic information

Question 3

Transcription

Answer 3

RNA is made from DNA to use during protein synthesis ( mRNA copies code from DNA )

Occurs in nucleus

Question 4

Translation

Answer 4

Cell uses mRNA & tRNA to read the the instructions on the RNA molecule & put AA together to make proteins

Occurs in cytoplasm at ribosomes

Question 5

Protein Synthesis
( what is it, where does it take place )

Answer 5

Making of proteins

Occurs in ribosomes

Question 6

mRNA

Answer 6

Transcribes the code from DNA & takes it from nucleus to ribosome

Question 7

Codon

Answer 7

Series of 3 nucleotide sequences on the mRNA

Question 8

What is the function of the Nucleolus

Answer 8

Produce ribosomes

Question 9

Mutation

Answer 9

Change in the DNA of a gene

Question 10

Deletion

Answer 10

Segments of a gene are lost often during meiosis
Before- AUC/GCG
After- AUG/CG

Question 11

Genetic code chart: what is its purpose how does it work?

Answer 11

Shows the AA and “start” and “stop” signals that are coded for by each of the possible 64 mRNA codons

Question 12

What role does RNA polymerase play in protien synthesis

Answer 12

Enzyme that adds and links complimentary RNA nucleotides during transcription

Question 13

What are the building blocks of protiens

Answer 13

Amino acids

Question 14

In what part of the cell cycle does protien synthesis take place

Answer 14

G1 of interphase

Question 15

What is the start codon

Answer 15

Methionine- AUG

Question 16

Anticodon

Answer 16

3 nucleotide sequence on a tRNA that is complimentary to an mRNA codon

Question 17

tRNA

Answer 17

Translates message (of mRNA) by transferring AA from cytoplasm to the ribosomes

Question 18

Insertion

Answer 18

Sizeable length of DNA is inserted into a genee
Before-AUC/GAG
After-AUC/AGA/G

Question 19

Substitution

Answer 19

Bases are deleted and new ones are inserted or “substituted”
Before- AUC/GCG
After-AAC/GCG

Question 20

Point mutation

Answer 20

A single nucleotide changes

Question 21

What are the 3 stop codons?

Answer 21

UAG
UGA
UAA

Question 22

rRna

Answer 22

Helps make protiens

Question 23

Bureit solution

Answer 23

Tests for protiens

Turns purple if positive

Question 24

Amino acids

Answer 24

Stands of amino acids make protiens

Some polar
Others nonpolar