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Biologe > Biology test > Flashcards

Biology test Flashcards

1
Q

Chloroplast

A

Contains chlorophyll

Essential for photosynthesis

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2
Q

Vacuole

A

Contains cell sap

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3
Q

What makes up a plant cell

A 
Cell wall 
Vacuole 
Cell membrane 
Nucleus 
Cytoplasm 
Chloroplasts 
Mitochondrion 
Ribsome 
Nuclear membrane
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4
Q

What makes up a animal cell

A 
Nucleus 
Cytoplasm 
Cell membrane 
Mitochondrion 
Ribsome
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5
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls all cell activities

Contains DNA

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6
Q

What is osmosis

A

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to region of low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

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7
Q

What’s does sucrose mean

A

Low water

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8
Q

What’s happens to cell in low water

A

Shrink

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9
Q

What is diffusion

A

Diffusion is the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient from a region of high concentration to a region low concentration until the concentration becomes equal

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10
Q

What make up a fungal cell

A 
Cell membrane
Cell wall 
Cytoplasm 
Nucleus 
Mitochondrion 
Ribsome
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11
Q

What make up a bacteria cell

A 
Cell wall 
Circular DNA
Ribosome 
Nucleus 
Mitochondrion 
Capsule plasmin
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12
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Site of aerobic respiration

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13
Q

Ribsome

A

Structure responsible for protein synthesis

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14
Q

What is the cell wall made of ?

A

Cellulose

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15
Q

What is cellulose made of

A

Carbohydrates

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16
Q

What does the cellulose do

A

It helps keep the plant cells shape

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17
Q

Where is bacteria found

A

In the large circular chromosomes or in smaller rings called plasmid

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18
Q

What are plasmids used in

A

Genetic engineering

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19
Q

What is the bacterial wall made of

A

Peptidoglycan

20
Q

What is the fungal cell wall made of

A

Chitin

21
Q

Does the fungal cell photosynthesis

A

No

22
Q

What molecules can pass through the membrane

A

Smaller ones

23
Q

What is active transport

A

Active transport is the movement of molecules and ions accords the cell membrane from a low to high concentration

24
Q

What are proteins made of

A

Amino acids

25
Q

What is the function of anti body’s

A

To defend the body against anti gens

26
Q

What does haemoglobin do

A

Gives red blood cells there colour and transport oxygen

27
Q

What are hormones made of

A

Protein

28
Q

What are hormones

A

Chemical messengers

29
Q

What is a receptor

A

A repertory is a protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell

30
Q

What is an enzyme

A

A enzymes is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions

31
Q

What are the names of the four dna bases

A

Adenine thymine cytosine guanine

32
Q

Amylase equation

A

Starch————- maltose

Amylase

33
Q

Catalase equation

A

Hydrogen peroxide———o2+h20

Catalase

34
Q

Potato phosphorylase equation

A

Glucose phosphate————starch

Potato phosphorylase

35
Q

Structure of bacterium

A

1: identify the section of DNA that contains the required gene from source chromosomes
2: extract required gene using enzymes
3: extract plasmid from bacterial cell and cut open using enzymes
4: insert genes into plasmid
5: plasmid inserted into host Bactrian to produce a genetically modified organism

36
Q

What is respiration

A

Respiration is a series of enzymes controlled reaction which releases energy from glucose

37
Q

When glucose is broken down what chemical released

A

A.T.P adenosine triphosphate

38
Q

What cellular activities is a.t.p used for

A 
Cell contraction 
Transmission of nerve impulses 
Protein synthesis 
Active transport 
Cell division
39
Q

What is the first stage of respiration

A

Glycolysis

40
Q

What is glycolysis broken down to

A

Pyrivate

41
Q

Where does glycolysis take place

A

Mitacondren

42
Q

Where does anaerobic respiration take place

A

Cytoplasm

43
Q

What is pyruvate turned into in animals

A

Lactate

44
Q

What is it called in animals

A

Fermentation

45
Q

Name two degration enzymes

A

Starch equation

Catalase equation

46
Q

Synthesis enzyme

A

Potato phosphorylase

Biologe (2 decks)

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