Biology test 1 Flashcards
Where does respiration take place?
Mitochondria
What does the nucleus do
Hold genetic info/ control what exits and enters cell
What are the benefits of a large surface area?
Absorbs more light and or water
Where does photosynthesis take place ?
In the chloroplast
What does the permanent vacuole contain?
Cell sap
Where does protein synthesis take place
In the ribosomes
What do nerves do
Carry electrical signals through the body
List some specialised animal cells
Nerves,sperm,muscles
What are some specialised plant cells
Root hair cell (absorbs water and minerals from the soil), xylem (carry water and minerals), phloem (carry glucose)
Plasmid?
Small rings of dna
Cell wall
Not made of cellulose
Cyptoplasm
semi permeable
Diffusion
Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration (doesn’t require energy)
Inside a cell?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria, vacuole, ribosomes, chloroplasts
Where does anaerobic respiration take place?
Cytoplasm ( site of chemical reactions)
What does the cell wall do?
Protects and keeps shape of the cell
Vacuole
Stores starch
Similarities between animal / plant cells
Both have nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Mitochondria Ribosomes
Magnification
Size of image
—————————
Size of actual object
An irregular shape radius =
Centre of disc to edge of disc x3 mean average
Antibiotic
Bacteria killer inside the body
Antiseptic
Bacteria killer outside of the body
Disinfectants
Kills bacteria on surfaces
Differentiate
Change/ adapt
Types of stem cells
Adult/ embryo-tic
Specialised
Can do a certain thing a certain way
Prokaryotic cell
Doesn’t have genetic material in defined nucleus
Where can you find adult stem cells
In adult bone marrow
Plasmid DNA
Helps bacteria defend itself
3 microscope parts
Stage (positions slide)
Coarse focus
Fine focus
Stem cell treatment
Parkinson’s
Diabetes
Organ failure
Spinal problems
Size of actual object (mm)
Size of image (mm)
———————————
Magnification
Stem cell disadvantages
Very slow research
Risks of viral infection
Stem cells come from?
Umbilical cords
Bone marrow (adult)
Embryos
Animals grow from a fertilised egg called a
Zygote
Mitosis?
One cell turned into an embryo
Stem cells can
Become anything
Calculating magnification
Objective x eye piece lens
Plasmid DNA
Only found in bacteria cells
Largest to smallest
Cm,mm,micro metre, nm
Photosynthesis must occur before
Respiration
Toxic substance symbol
Skull and cross bone in triangle
Aren’t in animal cells?
Chloroplasts
Vacuole
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Controls passage of substances
Chloroplasts
Contains chlorophyll and absorbs light
Nucleus
Controls activities of cell
Stage
Where slide / specimen is presented
Chloroplasts colour
Green because they contain chlorophyll
Aerobic respiration
6O + C H O > 6H
2 6 12 6 2 O + 6CO + energy
2
Equation for aerobic respiration
Oxygen + glucose —> water + carbon dioxide + energy
Smallest out of cell, tissue and organ
Cell
Eukaryotes
Animal cells
Plant cells
Protists
Fungi
Organelle
Organised or specialised structures
