Biology Summer 2024 Flashcards
Key Word: anther
sticky outy bit, produces and store pollen
Key Word: filament
supports anther
Key Word: petal
brightly coloured leaf like, to attract pollinators
Key Word: stigma
wear pollen lands during pollination
Key Word: style
connects ovary to stigma
Key Word: ovary
at bottom of style, where ovules are found
Key Word: ovules
female sex cell
Key Word: sepal
leaf like things below petal, protect bud
Key Word: stem
supports flower and transports water to it
What are the 2 types of Pollination?
Wind and Insect
Plant Fertilization
1) Pollen Grain Lands on Stigma
2)Pollen Grows Pollen Tube to egg cell (ovule) in ovary
3)Male Nucleus in Pollen joins Female nucleus in Egg cell. This is ferlisation
4) Zygote forms and then becomes an embryo surrounded by a testa (hard wall) found in a seed in a fruit
4 types of seed dispersion
1) Animals (eg eat and poo nuts, seed hooks on to them and drops off later)
2) Wind (eg dandelions and sycamores, light and downy or have wings)
3) Mechanical (Explodes out, eg peas, poppys, seeds in a dry pod, pressure builds up and pod drys out until explodes)
4) Water (Floats, eg coconut)
Flower life Cycle
Seed Dispersal ~~> Germination ~~> Growth of Plant ~~>
( )
Seed formation <~~ Fertilisation <~~ Development of Flower
What do seeds need to germinate
Water, oxygen warmth
What are the three types of Bees (in order of size)
Queen (F), Drones (M), Worker (F)
Description of Queen Bee
Female
1 per colony
Biggest
Lays thousands of eggs
reproduce
Produce chemicals to help with communication
Description of Drone Bee
Male
Middle size bee
hundreds per colony
Don’t do much
Leave colony, mate with other queens in mid air, then die
Description of Worker Bee
Female
Smallest bee
20-80 thousand per colony
bring in food
raise young
protect hive
pollinate/ fertilise
What is the role of the queen ants
lay eggs
What is the role of Male ants
Start colonies, leave and start new ones
How did ant super colonies greet each other
Start War
How did ant super colonies spread around the world from south america, and what did this cause
Accidentally getting on ships and being moved around. Only a few queens did this, so there were huge colonies with very little genetic diversity
How much can an ant carry and how does it compare to a human
up to 50 times its body weight, which is equivalent to a human carrying 3.5 tonnes
How fast can an ant run and how does it compare to a human
0.2 mph, the fastest up to 2.8ft/s, equivalent to a human running 400mph
