Biology Semester 2

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein or a nucleic acid, like RNA

Question 2

Atmosphere

Answer 2

The collection of gases that surrounds the planet and provides breathable air

Question 3

Biosphere

Answer 3

The area of earth where all living things exist

Question 4

Hydrosphere

Answer 4

The area of earth covered by water

Question 5

Lithosphere

Answer 5

The area of earth that is solid; land and soil

Question 6

Photosynthesis

Answer 6

Process by which autotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy

Question 7

Biomass

Answer 7

All the living (or formerly living) material in an ecosystem

Question 8

Carbon Dioxide

Answer 8

The main gas moved during the carbon cycle

Question 9

Carbon Sink

Answer 9

The area where carbon is stored

Question 10

Carbon Source

Answer 10

The area or a process that releases carbon

Question 11

Geosphere

Answer 11

The solid Earth, including the crust and earth’s interior

Question 12

ATP

Answer 12

Adenosine triphosphate; the energy molecule of the cell that powers many reactions

Question 13

Invasive Species

Answer 13

Any kind of living organism that is not native to the ecosystem and causes harm

Question 14

Primary Consumer

Answer 14

An organism, also know as an herbivore, that feeds on producers such as plants

Question 15

Producer

Answer 15

An organism, also known as an autotroph, that makes its own food. A plant is an autotroph

Question 16

Secondary Consumer

Answer 16

An organism that feeds on primary consumers (herbivores)

Question 17

Tertiary Consumer

Answer 17

Top-level consumers that are carnivores and feed on secondary consumers

Question 18

Trophic Level

Answer 18

The level in which organisms are found within the food chain

Question 19

Mitochondria

Answer 19

Membrane-bound organelle that converts fuel into energy that is available to the rest of the cell

Question 20

Prokaryotic

Answer 20

A cell without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles

Question 21

Eukaryotic

Answer 21

A cell with membrane-bound nucleus and organelles; is generally larger and more complex

Question 22

Taxonomy

Answer 22

The branch of science concerned with naming, classifying, and describing the relationship between all living things on Earth