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Biology S2 > Biology S2 Test > Flashcards

Biology S2 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an organ?

A

An organ is part of an organism that carries out specific functions.

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2
Q

What is a system?

A

As system consists of several organs working together to perform coordinated functions for the body.

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3
Q

What does the musculoskeletal systems provide?

A

The musculoskeletal provide an organism with support, protection and allow it to move.

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4
Q

What does the nervous system do?

A

The nervous system controls an organisms behavior.

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5
Q

What organs are in the musculoskeletal system?

A

Bones and muscels

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6
Q

What organs are in the nervous system?

A

Brain, spinal cord sensory organs.

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7
Q

What does the digestive system do?

A

The digestive system takes in food, breaks it down, and absorbs the nutrients from the food.

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8
Q

What are the organs in the digestive system?

A

Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver and pancreas.

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9
Q

What does the circulatory system do?

A

The circulatory system transports food, oxygen, waste materials and heat around the body.

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10
Q

What are the organs in the circulatory system?

A

Heart and blood vessels.

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11
Q

What does the skeleton help with?

A

Support, protection, muscle attachment.

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12
Q

Why do muscles work in pairs?

A

They work in pairs to allow movement through contraction and relaxation.

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13
Q

How do eyes work?

A

By converting light into an electrical impulse.

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14
Q

What does the central nervous system do?

A

The central nervous system coordinates information from the sensory organs to control behaviour of the organism.

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15
Q

What are the internal components of the human eye?

A

Retina, lens, optic nerve, cornea

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16
Q

What does a tendon do?

A

Tendons attach muscle to bone

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17
Q

What does a ligament do?

A

Connects bone to bone?

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18
Q

Give an example of a hinge joint in the human body

A

Elbow and Knee

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19
Q

Give an example of a ball and socket joint in the human body

A

Shoulder and hip joints.

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20
Q

Give examples of 10 different bones and say where they are.

A

Cranium and mandible (skull), clavicle, scapula, sternum, ribs, humerus, vertebrae column, pelvis, ulna, radius, femur, patella, tibulia, fibula,

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21
Q

Why do muscles work in antagonistic pairs?

A

They work in pairs to allow movement. When one muscle contracts the other relaxes.

22
Q

What does the central nervous system do?

A

Coordinates information from the sensory organs to control the behaviour of the organism.

23
Q

How do eyes work?

A

By converting light into electrical impulses

24
Q

label a diagram of an eye

A

Correctly use terms retina, pupil, cornea, lense, optic nerve, iris

25
Q

What is binocular vision?

A

Seeing with two eyes

26
Q

What does binocular vision help with?

A

Judging distance and direction (same with having two ears)

27
Q

How do you test for starch?

A

Iodine solution turns from yellow/brown to blue/black in the presence of starch

28
Q

What is digestion?

A

The breakdown of large food molecules into small, soluble food molecules.

29
Q

What is mechanical digestion?

A

The physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces (starts in mouth when food is chewed by the teeth)

30
Q

What is chemical digestion?

A

The breaking down of food into simpler nutrients that can be used by cells (starts in mouth when food mixes with saliva which contains enzymes)

31
Q

Describe the heart

A

A muscular pump that pushes blood around the body.

32
Q

Describe the pathway of blood through the heart, lungs and body

A

Deoxygenated blood coming from the body flows into the right atrium and down into the right ventricle where it is pumped to the lungs through the pulmonary artery.

The blood is oxygenated in the lungs and flows back to the heart in the pulmonary vein, into the left atrium and down into the left ventricle where it is pushed up and out of the aorta to the body.

33
Q

What do coronary arteries do?

A

The coronary arteries supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients.

34
Q

What is a heart attack?

A

blockage of a coronary artery can result in a heart as the heart muscle can’t get enough oxygen and nutrients.

35
Q

What is cardiac arrest?

A

A cardiac arrest is when the heart stops pumping/beating

36
Q

What is evolution?

A

The gradual change of an organism over generations, relies on variation.

37
Q

What is variation?

A

Change or slight difference

38
Q

Describe a structural adaptation

A

Sun bears have long, sickle shaped claws that allow them to easily climb trees.

39
Q

Describe a behavioural adaptation

A

Penguins huddle together to keep warm. They change about who is in the centre of the circle.

40
Q

Describe natural selection

A

Organisms that are best adapted survive, passing on their genes to the next generation.

41
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

one parent producing genetically similar offspring

42
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

Two parents having sexual reproduction to bring their gametes together to produce offspring.

43
Q

Describe the male reproductive system

A
44
Q

Describe the female reproductive system

A
45
Q

What is ovulation?

A

The release of an egg from an ovary

46
Q

What is ejaculation?

A

when a male deposits his sperm in the vagina

47
Q

What is fertilisation?

A

When a sperm cell and egg cell fuse together.

48
Q

What is implantation?

A

When the embryo embeds itself in the uterus lining.

49
Q

Describe placenta formation

A

Placenta develops from the embryo.

50
Q

How do you test for Sugars?

A

Benedict’s solution will turn from blue to orange/red if in the presence of sugar.

Biology S2 (1 decks)

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