biology revision (9J) Flashcards
Nucleus
Contains the genetic material and controls the activities of the cell.
Mitochondria
Where aerobic respiration takes place which releases energy from food.
Ribosomes
Where protein synthesis takes place.
Cell membrane
Controls what enters and leaves a cell.
Cellulose
The strong substance that plant and algal cell walls are made from.
Cytoplasm
The liquid part of a cell where many essential reactions take place.
Chlorophyll
The green chemical in chloroplasts which is needed to absorb light energy.
Chloroplasts
Where photosynthesis takes place, which makes glucose.
Permanent vacuole
Filled with cell sap. Used for storage and support in the cell.
Eukaryotic cells
Cells which have the genetic material in a nucleus. E.g. Plant and animal cells.
Prokaryotic cells
Cells which do not have their genetic material in a nucleus. Bacterial cells are of this type.
Magnification
How many time bigger an object appears compared to its actual size.
Resolving power
The ability to distinguish between objects close together and see in greater detail.
Flagella
These allow cells to move/swim.
Plasmid
Small loops of DNA that contain a small number of genes.
