Biology Revision Flashcards
Whats a cell?
The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, which is typically microscopic and consists of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane.
How do you use a microscope?
Look through the eyepiece (1) and move the focus knob until the image comes into focus. Adjust the condenser (7) and light intensity for the greatest amount of light. Move the microscope slide around until the sample is in the centre of the field of view (what you see).
What are some examples of specialised plant and animal cells?
Red blood cell, sperm cell
Whats a uni-cellular organism?
An organism with one cell
Describe a uni- cellular organism
Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell that carries out all of the functions needed by the organism, while multicellular organisms use many different cells to function. Unicellular organisms include bacteria, protists, and yeast.
Explain how unicellular organisms are adapted to carry out different functions
Unicellular organisms are organisms consisting of one cell only that performs all vital functions including metabolism, excretion, and reproduction.
Identify a similarity and a difference between plant and animal cells
Both plant and animals cells have; cell membranes, nuclei (plural of nucleus), mitochondria, ribosomes and cytoplasm. Plant cells also have; a cell wall, a vacuole and chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll which allows the plants to carry out photosynthesis.
Describe the process of diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration . Diffusion occurs in liquids and gases when their particles collide randomly and spread out. Diffusion is an important process for living things - it is how substances move in and out of cells.
The 3 functions of a skeleton
Movement support and protection
Types of skeletons
Endo-skeleton, exo-skeleton and hydrostatic skeleton
Chemical composition of bone
Collagen
Name a type of joint
ball and socket, saddle, hinge, condyloid, pivot and gliding.
The structure of a synovial joint
