Biology Revision Flashcards
Try to learn these words to memory. There may be more later on.
active transport
the movement of substances from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution against a concentration gradient, requiring energy from respiration.
algae
organisms (protista) that make their own food by photosynthesis.
alveoli
tiny air sacs in the lungs that increase the surface area for gas exchange.
bacteria
single celled prokaryotic organisms.
cell membrane
the membrane surrounding the content controlling what moves in and out of the cell.
cell wall
supports a plant cell, made of cellulose.
cellulose
the carbohydrate that makes up and strengthens plant and algal cell walls.
chlorophyll
pigment contained in chloroplasts.
chloroplasts
the site of photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll.
cytoplasm
where chemical reactions take place.
diffusion
the spreading of particles resulting in a net movement of particles from an area higher to lower concentration gradient.
eukaryotic cells
cells from eukaryotes that have cell membrane, cytoplasn, and a nucleus.
hypertonic (osmosis)
a solution that is more concentrated than the cell contents.
hypotonic (osmosis)
a solution that is less concentrated than the cell contents.
isotonic (osmosis)
a solution that is the same concentration as the cell contents.
mitochondria
the site of aerobic cellular respiration in a cell
nucleus
organelle found in many living cells containing the genetic information surrounded by the nuclear membrane
osmosis
the diffusion of water through a partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution down a concentration gradient.
partially permeable membrane
a membrane that allows only certain substances to pass through
permanent vacuole
space in the cytoplasm filled with sap
phloem
the living transport tissue in plants that carries dissolved food around the plant
plasmolysis
the state if plant cells when so much water is lost from the cell by osmosis that the vacuole and cytoplasm shrink and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell way
magnification
image size/real size
real size
image size/magnification
function of root hair cell
increase the surface area for water to move into the ce;;.
what is in the tip of a sperm cell
acrosomes
what does the xylem do
carries water from the root to the leaves
