biology reproduction in plants Flashcards
to know the different ways of ow different plants reproduce
Asexual reproduction.
The type of reproduction in which plants are given rise to without seeds.
Sexual reproduction.
The type of reproduction in which plants are given rise to with the help of only seeds.
Explain the different modes of asexual reproduction.
Fission- when the unicellular organism splits into 2 equal halves and produces new ones.
Fragmentation- the body of the plant breaks up into smaller fragments and these fragments further grow into new individuals.
Budding- small buds develop, get separated and then get matured into new organisms.
Spore formation- this takes place with the help of spores. the spores are covered by thick walls that protect them until they come in contact with another moist surface to begin growing.
Self pollination.
The transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of the same flower.
Cross pollination.
The transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of a different flower of a different plant of the same kind.
Uni-sexual plants.
The plants which contain either only the pistil or only the stamen.
Bisexual plants.
The plants which contain both the stamen and pistil.
Explain the various ways in which seeds are dispersed.
Seeds are dispersed by wind, water and animals.
Winged seeds such as those of drumstick and maple get blown off by the wind to far away places.
The ones dispersed by water usually develop the ability to float from their spongy or fibrous outer coat such as coconut.
The spiny seeds with hooks get attached to the bodies of the animals and then are carried to distant places.
Some are even burst due to the sudden jerks made when the fruit bursts. in this way these seeds are scattered away from the parent plant.
Define fertilization
The process of fusion of the male and female gamete to form the zygote is known as fertilization.
What are the advantages of vegetative propagation?
Plants are produced quickly without any reproductive organs.
Plants which are produced by this method are exact copies of the parent plant.
New varieties of plants which required characteristics can be developed by this method.
Explain the various agents of pollination
Wind, water or insects.
Why is dispersal of seeds important?
This prevents the competition between a plant and it’s seedlings for sunlight, water and minerals.
