Biology Quiz Two

Question 1

Properties of the membrane

Answer 1

-Has a phospholipid bilayer
-Semi Permeable

Question 2

Phospholipid Bilayer

Answer 2

-Two layers of lipids and fats attached to each other.
-Phosphates face outwards (circles)
-The lipids face towards each other (lines)

Question 3

Why is the cell membrane important

Answer 3

-Maintains equilibrium (balance)
-Protective barrier for the cell.

Question 4

Hydrophilic

Answer 4

Loves water and mixes with water
-(Phosphates)

Question 5

Hydrophobic

Answer 5

-Scared of water and does not mix
-Fatty acids/ lipids

Question 6

Membranes = Fluids

Answer 6

-Acts likes a fluid since the materials inside are constantly moving and not stuck in place.

Question 7

What is found in the bilayer

Answer 7

(Embedded in the phospholipid bilayer)
-Cholesterol
-Proteins
-Carbohydrates

Question 8

Fluid Mosaic Model

Answer 8

-A cell membrane is like a fluid mosaic model since it acts like a fluid and is a mosaic of several materials

Question 9

What does the membrane control

Answer 9

-Controls what goes in and out of the cell.
-Transports gases, nutrients and waste.

Question 10

Browian Motion

Answer 10

-Means the particles that make up matter are always in constant motion

Question 11

Particle Model of Matter

Answer 11

-Everything that goes into the cell is governed by the particle model of matter
1. All matter is made up of particles
2. The particles of matter are always moving
3. The particles of matter are attracted to each other
4. Space between gasses are bigger than solids

Question 12

Permability

Answer 12

-Items can go through

Question 13

Impermability

Answer 13

-Nothing can go through

Question 14

Semi permable

Answer 14

-Only certain items can go through

Question 15

Diffusion

Answer 15

-The movement from anything with high concentration to low concentration.
-They are trying to reach equilibrium

Question 16

Equilibrium

Answer 16

-Perfectly balanced
-Even when it is reached the particles are still moving

Question 17

Rate of Diffusion

Answer 17

-How fast diffusion is occurring
-Can be increased by increasing energy (stirring/ heat)

Question 18

Concentration Gradient

Answer 18

-Happens when the concentrating of particles are higher in one area than another

Question 19

Passive Transport

Answer 19

-When particles move across the concentration (swimming with the current)
-Happens naturally and requires no energy
-(diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion)

Question 20

Osmosis

Answer 20

-Diffusion of water
-When water moves along the concentration gradient to a high to low concentration of water.

Question 21

Solute

Answer 21

-Substances that are being disolved

Question 22

Solvent

Answer 22

Substances used to disolve

Question 23

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 23

-High concentration of solute outside of the cell. As a result water inside the cell moves outside to dilute the solute outside the cell
-The cell shrinks and becomes wrinkly

Question 24

Hypotonic Solution

Answer 24

-High water concentration outside of the cell and low solute concentration in the cell.
-The water will want to move inside the cell and the cell will become bloated

Question 25

Isotonic solution

Answer 25

-Equal concentration of solute and solvent. No movement and both sides have reached equilibrium.

Question 26

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 26

• A channel/ carrier protein that helps diffusion happen down the concentration gradient
  -No energy needed

Question 27

Channel Protein

Answer 27

-Act like a pore in the membrane that lets water and certain ions and diffuse through the membrane

Question 28

Carrier Protein

Answer 28

-Binds to a molecule and moves across the cell membrane.
-Physically pushes them through

Question 29

Active Transport

Answer 29

-Happens when something needs to move against the concentration gradient.
-Requires energy.

Question 30

Vesicles

Answer 30

-Engulfs molecules to push them inside or outside the cell.

Question 31

Endocytosis

Answer 31

-When something is brought into the cell.

Question 32

Exocytosis

Answer 32

-When something is pushed out of the cell.

Question 33

Phagocytosis

Answer 33

• Is a type of endocytosis were a cell eats food particles

Question 34

Pinocytosis

Answer 34

• When cells drink by taking in droplets of fluid by endocytosis.

Question 35

Reverse Osmosis

Answer 35

-Forces water molecules through a semi permeable membrane removing all its containments

Question 36

Transdermal Patch

Answer 36

A patch that sticks to the skin to deliver a drug.
-Slowly diffuses into the skin.

Question 37

What does the cell membrane do

Answer 37

Regulates what goes in and out of the cell.

Question 38

Surface Area

Answer 38

The area outside of the cell. Including materials and resources.

Question 39

Volume

Answer 39

The area inside the cell

Question 40

Growing of volume and surface area

Answer 40

Volume grows faster than surface area.

Question 41

What happens to bigger cells

Answer 41

-Since volume grows faster than surface area the cell becomes hungry and will be weak
-Will die soon

Question 42

What happens to smaller cells

Answer 42

Smaller cells are stronger due greater surface area to volume ratio.

Question 43

What are certain shapes do with volume/area

Answer 43

They can boost the surface area to volume ratio.