Biology Quiz 10.1/10.2 Flashcards
Ratio of Surface Area to Volume
As the length of the sides increases, the volume increases more than the surface area
Formula
SA=6s2;V=s3
Surface area formula
Length x width x 6 sides
Volume formula
Length x width x height
Cell division
The process by which a cell divides into new daughter cells
Asexual reproduction
Production of genetically identical individuals from a single parent
Sexual reproduction
Involves the fusion of two parent cells offspring inherit some genetic information from each parent
Chromosomes
Genetic information is bundled into packages of DNA
Chromatin
Complex of chromosome and protein
Cell cycle
Cells go through a series of events as they grow and divide
What are the two cycles?
Prokaryotic cell cycle
Eukaryotic cell cycle
What are the 4 phases?
G1 phase-Cell Growth
S1 phase-DNA Replication
G2 phase-Preparing for Cell Division
M phase-Cell Division
Mitosis
The first stage of this process, division of the cell nucleus
Cytokinesis
The second stage,the cell division of the cytoplasm
Prophase
The first stage of mitosis
Centromere
The duplicated strands of the DNA molecule can be seen to be attached long their length in this area
Chromatid
Each DNA strand in the duplicated chromosome
Centrioles
Tiny paired structures
Metaphase
The second place of mitosis, is generally the shortest
Anaphase
The third phase of mitosis
Telophase
Following anaphase, the fourth and final phase of mitosis
Cytokinesis
Completes the process of cell division, it splits one cell into two
What two cells is Cytokinesis in?
Animal cells, plant cells
What are some of the difficulties a cell faces as it increases in size?
The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places on its DNA
