Biology psych

Question 1

Brain develops as early as ______

Answer 1

7 weeks

Question 2

brain is divided into which three parts

Answer 2

cerebrum (major part of the brain, orange walnut)
cerebellum (blue cauliflower looking thing)
Brain stem (connects to the spinal cord)

Question 3

Two halves are joined by ______

Answer 3

Corpus collasum

Question 4

what is the outer layer of the brain called

Answer 4

sulcus

Question 5

what is the inner layer of the brain called

Answer 5

gyrus

Question 6

how are the folds created

Answer 6

start with a tissue -> starts as a tube and then folds itself

Question 7

The neuron consists of ____ and ____ ____

Answer 7

cell and cell body

Question 8

Where is the dendrites located and what does it do

Answer 8

located around the nucleus

Allows cell to reach out and connect

Question 9

What is the purpose of neurons

Answer 9

to communicate

Question 10

Where is the axon located

what is its function

Answer 10

long stringbit

allow neurons to transmit electrical and chemical signals to other cells

Question 11

What is the function of myelin sheath

Answer 11

It is an insulating layer

allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells

Question 12

What is the function of schwann cell

Answer 12

Schwann cells are a variety of glial cells that keep peripheral nerve fibres

Question 13

How do neurons communicate with a synaptic gap

Answer 13

axon comes at hits -> pockets of different chemicals (neurotransmitters) -> when signal hits (end of axon) -> one pocket of neurotransmitter merges with cell meberane -> release neurotransmitter to the gap -> otherside have receptors -> LOCK and KEY process -> neurotransmitter goes to the correct receptor start a chemical reaction and send signal to the next neuron

Question 14

Depolarisation

Answer 14

Depolarisation refers to a sudden change in membrane potential – usually from a (relatively) negative to positive internal charge. In response to a signal initiated at a dendrite, sodium channels open within the membrane of the axon.

Question 15

Repolarisation

Answer 15

Repolarisation refers to the restoration of a membrane potential following depolarisation (i.e. restoring a negative internal charge)
Following an influx of sodium, potassium channels open within the membrane of the axon

Question 16

5 stages of synaptic transmission with action potential

Answer 16

1. RESTING STAGE (Na+ and K+ channels are closed).
2. DEPOLARISATION (stimulus opens some sodium channels. Na inflow depolarises the memberane. If it reaches the threshold it triggers the action potential.
3. RISING PHASE OF ACTION POTENTIAL (Na influx is positve inside the memberane with respect to outside).
4. FALLING PHASE OF ACTION POTENTIAL (sodium channels become inactivated, blocking Na inflow. Pottasium channels open, permitting K+ outflow, which makes the inside of the cell negative).
5. UNDERSHOOT (sodium channels close. potassium channels are open. As potassium channels close and sodium channels become unblock, the membrane returns to resting state).