BIOLOGY PRE-MOCK TEST Flashcards
What is Cell?
- Basic unit of living body
- It makes all the tissues of an organisms.
Three parts of the Cell? and explain what are those 3 parts?
- DNA - Deoxyribonucleic Acid: Genetic material
- Cytoplasm - Jelly like fluid that main the organelles in their position.
- Cell membrane - Separates the interior cell to the outer cell.
2 types of microscope?
- Light microscope
- Electron microscope
What is Light Microscope?
- Use visible light
- used in lived specimen
- Vacuum Environment/Limited samples
- Resolution: 200 nm
- Magnification: 1000x
2 different types of electron microscope? differentiate each type.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
- beam of electrons
- for dead specimen
- metal coating like gold
- Resolution: 1-10 nm
- 3D
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
- beam of electrons
- dead specimen
- limited sample
- Resolution: 1-10 nm
- 2D
what is prokaryotes?
single cell with no nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
What are the basic parts of Prokaryotes? (C3NP2F2)
- Cell membrane
- Cell wall
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleoid
- Plasmids
- Pili
- Flagella
- Fimbria
- Thin layer of lipids and protein that encloses the cell
- Regulates the passage of the molecule into and out of the cell.
Cell membrane
- Protects the cell membrane and provides structural support for the cell.
Cell wall
Gel-like substances contain enzymes and ribosomes that fill the cell.
Cytoplasm
Genetic material DNA, is located in the form of circular chromosomes.
Nucleoid
Small circular pieces of DNA that separate from the chromosome and contain genes such as antibiotic resistance.
Plasmids
Long, Whip-like structures and are used for locomotion.
Flagella
Thin, hair-like structures and are used for attachment to surfaces and other cell.
Pili
shorter, more numerous than flagella, another type of bacterial surface used for attachment.
Fimbria
What is Eukaryotes?
Single or multicellular organism, with nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
Basic parts of Eukaryotes? (NMEGVLP2C)
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi Apparatus
- Vesicles
- Lysosomes
- Peroxisomes
- Plasma membrane
- Cytoskeleton
a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell genetics (DNA) and responsible in cell
Nucleus
what is nucleolus?
dense region in the nucleus involving synthesizing RNA and assembling ribosomes
what is chromatin?
a mixture of protein and DNA
DNA stand for? definition.
Deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material of the cell.
What is mitochondria?
The powerhouse of the cell, produces energy through aerobic respiration. main energy currency of the cell
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
network of membranous tubes and sacs involved in protein and lipid synthesis. also detoxification of drugs and harmful substances.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
Stack of flattened membranes that receive and modify proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum.
