BIOLOGY PRE-MOCK TEST Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cell?

A
  • Basic unit of living body
  • It makes all the tissues of an organisms.
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2
Q

Three parts of the Cell? and explain what are those 3 parts?

A
  1. DNA - Deoxyribonucleic Acid: Genetic material
  2. Cytoplasm - Jelly like fluid that main the organelles in their position.
  3. Cell membrane - Separates the interior cell to the outer cell.
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3
Q

2 types of microscope?

A
  1. Light microscope
  2. Electron microscope
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4
Q

What is Light Microscope?

A
  • Use visible light
  • used in lived specimen
  • Vacuum Environment/Limited samples
  • Resolution: 200 nm
  • Magnification: 1000x
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5
Q

2 different types of electron microscope? differentiate each type.

A

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
- beam of electrons
- for dead specimen
- metal coating like gold
- Resolution: 1-10 nm
- 3D

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
- beam of electrons
- dead specimen
- limited sample
- Resolution: 1-10 nm
- 2D

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5
Q

what is prokaryotes?

A

single cell with no nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

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6
Q

What are the basic parts of Prokaryotes? (C3NP2F2)

A
  • Cell membrane
  • Cell wall
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleoid
  • Plasmids
  • Pili
  • Flagella
  • Fimbria
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6
Q
  • Thin layer of lipids and protein that encloses the cell
  • Regulates the passage of the molecule into and out of the cell.
A

Cell membrane

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6
Q
  • Protects the cell membrane and provides structural support for the cell.
A

Cell wall

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6
Q

Gel-like substances contain enzymes and ribosomes that fill the cell.

A

Cytoplasm

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6
Q

Genetic material DNA, is located in the form of circular chromosomes.

A

Nucleoid

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6
Q

Small circular pieces of DNA that separate from the chromosome and contain genes such as antibiotic resistance.

A

Plasmids

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6
Q

Long, Whip-like structures and are used for locomotion.

A

Flagella

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6
Q

Thin, hair-like structures and are used for attachment to surfaces and other cell.

A

Pili

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6
Q

shorter, more numerous than flagella, another type of bacterial surface used for attachment.

A

Fimbria

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6
Q

What is Eukaryotes?

A

Single or multicellular organism, with nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

6
Q

Basic parts of Eukaryotes? (NMEGVLP2C)

A
  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondria
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • Vesicles
  • Lysosomes
  • Peroxisomes
  • Plasma membrane
  • Cytoskeleton
6
Q

a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell genetics (DNA) and responsible in cell

A

Nucleus

6
Q

what is nucleolus?

A

dense region in the nucleus involving synthesizing RNA and assembling ribosomes

6
Q

what is chromatin?

A

a mixture of protein and DNA

7
Q

DNA stand for? definition.

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material of the cell.

7
Q

What is mitochondria?

A

The powerhouse of the cell, produces energy through aerobic respiration. main energy currency of the cell

7
Q

What is endoplasmic reticulum?

A

network of membranous tubes and sacs involved in protein and lipid synthesis. also detoxification of drugs and harmful substances.

7
Q

What is the Golgi apparatus?

A

Stack of flattened membranes that receive and modify proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum.

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