Biology P1 - Cell Biology Flashcards
Cell membrane
A selectively permeable membrane surrounding the cell and controlling the entry and exit of materials
Cytoplasm
The living substance inside a cell (not including the nucleus)
Compound microscope
A microscope in which the lens in close to the simple being magnified
Depth of field
The distance between the nearest and farthest objects in focus
Eukaryotic
Description of a cell which has a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells also have other structures in the cytoplasm which have membranes around them
Haploid
A sex cell (gamete) that contains one set of chromosomes
Prokaryotic features
Cell wall , cell membrane ,loops of dna
Do eukaryotic have a nucleus
yes
Do prokaryotic have a nucleus
no
Is prokaryotic or eukaryotic smaller
Prokaryotic are smaller
Prokaryotic definition
In prokaryotic cells the genetic material (DNA) is not enclosed in a nucleus
Eukaryotic definition
Eukaryotic cells, contain their genetic material (DNA) enclosed in a nucleus
Mitochondria
Organelles that contain the enzymes for respiration, and where most energy is released in respiration.
Ribosomes
Tiny structures where protein synthesis occurs.
Nucleus
Contains genetic material, including DNA, which controls the cell’s activities.
Permanent vacuole
Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid.
Cell wall
Made from cellulose fibres and strengthens the cell and supports the plant.
Tissue
a group of similar cells
Name the type of tissue in plants that contains stem cells.
meristematic tissues
Which plant does aspirin originate from?
Willow
Suggest one reason why the leaves of the deadly nightshade plant have chlorosis.
allow lack of chloroplasts
allow lack of mineral (ions) or
named example such as iron /
nitrate / potassium / zinc (ions)
ignore lack of nutrients /
nitrogen
allow lack of water
allow incorrect pH of soil
allow acidic / alkaline soil
allow (named) infection
allow lack of light
allow other correct suggestions
It is important for drugs to be tested in clinical trials before the drugs are approved for
use by the public.
Give two reasons why.
allow to check it is safe
allow to check for side effects
allow to check it is not
poisonous / dangerous / harmful
allow to check how much is
needed
allow to check it works
allow to check it does not
How can scientists be sure that claims about new drugs are valid?
Advertise the claims on social media. -a
Ask an international company to produce the drug. -b
Have the claims peer reviewed. -c
Publish the claims in a newspaper. -d
A
function of chloroplast
photosynthesis
Name one type of cell in a potato plant that does not contain chloroplasts
root hair
What is the independent variable in the investigation?
Concentration of salt solution
Mass of potato piece
Time potato is left in salt solution
Volume of salt solution
Concentration of salt solution
independant variable
measure
control variable
stay the same
dependant varibale
changes
Name one structure in Figure 2 which is present in both plant cells and fungal cells
but not in animal cells.
cell wall
vaccuole
Which disease is caused by a fungus?
Gonorrhoea
Malaria
Measles
Rose black spot
Where is protein digested in the human digestive system?
Large intestine
Liver
Salivary glands
Stomach
stomach
