Biology Organelles Quiz

Question 1

What are cell organelles?

Answer 1

-“Small organs”

-All the functions of a cell are carried out by organelles

Question 2

cell membrane

Answer 2

-Structure that separates the cell interior from the outside world and controls the movements of materials into and out of the cell

-helps the cell maintain homeostasis

-has a phospholipid biolayer

Question 3

cell wall

Answer 3

-Surrounds the cell membrane and is strong and fairly rigid

-it helps to give a plant shape and support

-made up of a network of tough fibers mainly made of cellulose

Question 4

cytoplasm

Answer 4

Everything inside the cell membrane including the organelles
(except the nucleus)

Question 5

cytosol

Answer 5

The fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Question 6

nucleus

Answer 6

-Command center of the cell that contains DNA blueprints for making proteins

-surrounded by a double membrane to protect the DNA

Question 7

nucleolus

Answer 7

A specialized area of Chromatin inside the nucleus responsible for producing ribosomes

Question 8

ribosomes

Answer 8

Tiny two-part structure found throughout the cytoplasm that helps put together proteins

Question 9

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Answer 9

system of a flattened membrane-bound sac and tubes continuous with the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope

Question 10

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

Has ribosomes and synthesizes protein

Question 11

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 11

Has canals which help transport the proteins throughout the cell

Question 12

vesicles

Answer 12

-small membrane bound transport sacs

-some special types of vesicles have different jobs in the cell

Question 13

lysosome

Answer 13

Contains digestive enzymes that break down old cell parts of materials brought into cells

Question 14

golgi apparatus

Answer 14

-Stack of flattened membrane-bound sacks that receive vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum

-package finished products in the vesicles for transport to the cell membrane (for secretion out of the cell) and within the cell as lysosomes

Question 15

vacuole

Answer 15

Large membrane-bound fluid-filled Sac for the temporary storage of food, water, or waste products

Question 16

mitochondrion

Answer 16

Powerhouse of the cell where organic molecules (usually carbohydrates) are broken down inside a double membrane to release and transfer energy

Question 17

chloroplast

Answer 17

-Site of photosynthesis

-gives green plants their color and transfers energy from sunlight into stored energy and carbohydrates during photosynthesis

Question 18

how do the cells work

Answer 18

-Insulin protein information from DNA is copied to RNA

-RNA exits the nucleus

-at ribosomes on the surface of rough ER information from RNA is used to make a protein that will become insulin

-vesicles from smooth ER package the protein for transport to the Golgi apparatus

-in the Golgi apparatus, the proteins are processed to form insulin protein and packaged for export out of the cell

Question 19

all the organelles

Answer 19

-Lysosome
- nucleolus
- nucleus
- Golgi apparatus
- endoplasmic reticulum
- cell membrane
- ribosome
- cytoplasm
- mitochondria