Biology: Molecules Flashcards
Define Diffusion.
Diffusion is when a substance is more concentrated in one place than another.
Define Osmosis.
Osmosis is the movement of water from a high concentrated place to a low concentrated place.
What is required for active transport to take place?
Energy that is release from respiration.
Where does active transport occur?
Active transport occurs in the roots of plants remove minerals into them against the concentration gradient, and also in the small intestine of animals to absorb nutrients.
What are carbohydrates made up of?
It is made up of simple sugars e.g. glucose.
What are proteins made up of?
Amino Acids
What are lipids made up of?
Made up of fatty acids and glycerol.
What do enzymes do?
They are involved in breaking down molecules and play a part in every chemical reaction on our body.
They are the biological catalysts.
What are enzymes?
Proteins made by cells.
How do Enzymes function in our body?
They speed up the reaction in our bodies, they speed up our metabolic reactions.
What does each enzyme have?
An active site.
What happens in the active site?
The molecule that it wants to help change is called the substrate. The active site fits the substrate like a lock and a key.
What is the Enzyme process?
- Substrate enters active site
- An enzyme-substrate complex forms
- Reaction occurs
- Products form and leave active site
