biology module 2 - biological molecules and water and enzymes

Question 1

inorganic ions

Answer 1

charged ions w no carbon

Question 2

organic ion

Answer 2

charged ions w carbon

Question 3

examples of inorganic ions in the body

Answer 3

na+
k+
ca2+
cl-
fe2/3+

Question 4

calcium

Answer 4

-insulin
-co factors
-bone formation

Question 5

sodium

Answer 5

-key for co transport
-key in nervous system along with potassium
-crucial for fluid regulation

Question 6

potassium

Answer 6

-nerve impulses
-fluid balance
-helps muscle contract
-photosynthesis needs it

Question 7

hydrogen

Answer 7

-pH
-ATP synthesis

Question 8

magnesium

Answer 8

-important cofactors
-photosynthesis

Question 9

ammonium

Answer 9

key for plants

Question 10

nitrate

Answer 10

key for plants

Question 11

hydrogencarbonate

Answer 11

maintain pH levels

Question 12

chloride

Answer 12

-amylase cofactor
-nerve impulses
-pH

Question 13

phosphate

Answer 13

-DNA
-RNA
-ATP
-biological membrane
-phospholipids
-phosphorilation

Question 14

hydroxide

Answer 14

alkalinity

Question 15

properties of water

Answer 15

-high specific heat capacity
-polar solvent
high latent heat of vape
-cohesion
-adhesion
-density
-incompressibility

Question 16

high SHC

Answer 16

means that the sun don’t cause the water to boil and all the fish to be boiled alive. also means optimum temp can be maintained

Question 17

polar solvent

Answer 17

charged ions can be dissolved within it and therefore water can be used as a medium to carry ions. as u can see many ions are essential for life

Question 18

high LHV

Answer 18

-means that doesnt change into steam easy
-top layer only heats up and it going off as steam actually has a cooling effect w/o losing tm water

Question 19

cohesion

Answer 19

-b/w water molecules
-means surface tension between water and air so insects can walk on water
-useful in transpiration water stream

Question 20

adhesion

Answer 20

-water sticks to its container
-useful in transportation up the xylem

Question 21

density

Answer 21

max density 4 degrees so ice floats

Question 22

incompresibility

Answer 22

speaks for itself

Question 23

partial charges between water

Answer 23

-diff in electronegativity
-induced dipole or VDW
-electrons closer to oxygen
-dipoles don’t cancel out
-polar

Question 24

monosacharides

Answer 24

-glucose
-galactose
-fructose

Question 25

glucose + galactose

Answer 25

lactose

Question 26

glucose and fructose

Answer 26

sucrose

Question 27

glucose and glucose (both alpha)

Answer 27

maltose

Question 28

how do disaccharides form

Answer 28

in a condensation reaction between 2 monosaccharides resulting in a molecule of water made

Question 29

alpha glucose

Answer 29

h oh h h

oh h oh oh

Question 30

beta glucose

Answer 30

h oh h oh

oh h oh h

Question 31

amino acid

Answer 31

ncc backbone
amine
carboxylic acid