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Biology 1 > Biology Module 2 > Flashcards

Biology Module 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

MATTER

A

ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE (has volume)

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2
Q

Atomic Number

A

The number of PROTONS in an atom-

is unique to each type of atom

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3
Q

Elements

A

A collection of ATOMS that all have the same number of PROTONS

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4
Q

PERIODIC TABLE

A

A Table of the Chemical Elements arranged in order of ATOMIC NUMBER

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5
Q

Isotopes

A

One of several forms of an element , each contain the SAME # of PROTONS but a DIFFERENT # of ELECTRONS

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6
Q

Atomic Mass

A

The SUM TOTAL of the PROTONS and NEUTRONS in an atom

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7
Q

Molecule

A

Chemical that results when 2 or more ATOMS join together chemically

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8
Q

Compound

A

A molecule that contains atoms of at least

2 DIFFERENT ELEMENTS

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9
Q

Ionic Bonds

A

A chemical bond formed when one of more electrons are TRANSFERRED from one atom to another

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10
Q

Ion

A

Positive +. Or Negative - charged atom ( or group of atoms) resulting from the TRANSFER OF electrons.

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11
Q

Covalent bond

A

Chemical bond formed by the SHARING of ELECTRONS between 2 or more atoms

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12
Q

Polar Compound

A

A molecule where this is an UN-EQUAL distribution of negatively - charged electrons causing a partial POSITIVE charge on one end and a partial NEGATIVE charge on the other end.

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13
Q

Hydrogen Bond

A

A weak electrical attraction between a partially + hydrogen atom and a partially negative atom of ANOTHER molecule ( 0 or N)

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14
Q

Solvent

A

Any substance in which ANOTHER substance is DISSOLVED.

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15
Q

Solute

A

A dissolved substance

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16
Q

Solution

A

A mixture of SOLUTES dissolved in a Solvent

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17
Q

Aqueous Solution

A

A solution in which water is the solvent

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18
Q

Cohesion

A

An Attractive Force that holds molecules OF THE SAME SUBSTANCE together

19
Q

Adhesion

A

An Attractive Force that hold molecules of DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES together

20
Q

Heat Capacity

A

The amount of heat energy required to increase the Temperature

21
Q

Organic molecules

A

Molecules found in LIVING organisms that contain CARBON IN RINGS or CARBON IN long CHAINS… that are attached to other atoms.

22
Q

Biosynthesis

A

The PROCESS by which LIVING organisms produce LARGER MOLECULES from smaller ones.

23
Q

Isomers

A

2 DIFFERENT molecules that have the SAME chemical formula.

24
Q

Mono-saccharide

A

A SIMPLE sugar

(Has one (mono) carbon ring)

Building blocks to larger carbohydrates

25
Q

Di-Saccharide

A

A carbohydrate molecule made up of 2 monosaccharides

Di means 2

26
Q

Poly-Saccharide

A

A carbohydrate that is formed from 3 or more monosaccharides

Poly means many

27
Q

Starch

A

A polysaccharide consisting of many glucose molecules stored in plants.

28
Q

Glycogen

A

A polysaccharide consisting of many glucose molecules stored in ANIMALS

29
Q

Cellulose

A

A polysaccharide which consists of many glucose molecules found in the the CELL WALLS of PLANTS

30
Q

Hydrolysis

A

A Chemical Process of BREAKING DOWN complex molecules using the addition of WATER

31
Q

Dehydration Reaction

A

A chemical reaction in which the combining molecules LOOSE WATER
Water is created in the reactants.

32
Q

Saturated Fat

A

A LIPID made from fatty acids that have NO double bonds btwn the Carbon atoms

33
Q

Un-Saturated fat

A

A LIPID made from fatty acids that have at least 1 DOUBLE BOND btwn Carbon atoms.

34
Q

Steroids

A

Lipid molecules with 4 fused CARBON RINGS

35
Q

Amino Acid

A

A molecule containing a carbonyl group and an amino group

Basic building locks of PROTEIN

36
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Attracts WATER molecules

Hydro= water
Philic= fond of
37
Q

Poly-peptide

A

Many AMINO ACIDS bonded together forming part or whole proteins

38
Q

Peptide Bond

A

A COVALENT BOND that links amino acids together

39
Q

Catalyst

A

A substance that ALTERS the SPEED of a chemical reaction but is not used up in the reaction

40
Q

Activation Energy

A

Energy needed to get reactions STARTED

41
Q

Activation site

A

The area of an ENZYME to which a specific SUBSTRATE fits

42
Q

Substrate

A

A SPECIFIC reactant acted on by an ENZYME

43
Q

Denaturation

A

The process in which the normal shape of a PROTEIN is CHANGED..

44
Q

Nucleotides

A

Building blocks for DNA and RNA

Biology 1 (1 decks)

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