biology - life on earth

Question 1

how many habitats and organisms are there

Answer 1

there is lots of different

habitats and each has different organisms living in it

Question 2

give examples of habitats

Answer 2

river
forrest
desert

Question 3

what organisms are present in a river

Answer 3

pondweed, lily pads, algae, tadpoles, trout, water beetles

and frogs

Question 4

what organisms are present in a forrest

Answer 4

trees, grass, ferns, mushrooms, deer, birds, foxes, owls

Question 5

what organisms are present in a desert

Answer 5

cacti, camels, desert rats

Question 6

biodiversity differs from…

Answer 6

biodiversity differs from habitat to habitat because organisms are adapted to live in
particular areas

Question 7

give an example of an animal adapted to its habitat

Answer 7

polar bears would only be found in cold places not in the desert
this is because it has thick fur to keep it warm

camels have long eyelashes to stop sand entering its eyes

Question 8

what is the importance of biodiversity

Answer 8

A variety of different food sources are available
Medicinal plants are maintained whilst new species with beneficial effects
are discovered
Raw materials: wood, cotton etc are maintained

Question 9

what are biotic factors

Answer 9

biotic factors are factors which are related to living things

Question 10

give examples of biotic factors

Answer 10

predation
competition for resources
disease
food availability
grazing

Question 11

what are abiotic factors

Answer 11

abiotic factors are non-living conditions which can influence where plants or
animals live

Question 12

give examples of abiotic factors

Answer 12

temperature
light intensity
moisture content of soil
pH of the environment

Question 14

what is used to sample plants and slow moving animals

Answer 14

a quadrat

Question 15

what is a quadrat

Answer 15

a metal frame of a known area split into even sections

Question 16

about quadrats

Answer 16

quadrats should be placed randomly so that a representative sample is
taken
the results are more reliable when you look at the results from many
quadrats
quadrats of a suitable size and shape should be selected

Question 17

what is used to sample animals

Answer 17

pitfall trap

Question 18

what is a pitfall trap

Answer 18

pitfall traps are often used to
sample the small invertebrates living on the ground
you are likely to trap beetles and other insects as well as spiders and slugs

Question 19

how to use and set up a pitfall trap properly

Answer 19

the top of the plastic cup should be level with the soil surface
cover the trap with a stone or piece of wood to keep out the rain, to make
it dark and to stop birds eating your catch
the traps must be checked often to avoid the animals escaping or being
eaten before they are counted
as with most methods a large number of traps makes results more
reliable and minimises the effects of unusual results

Question 20

what is used to measure light intensity

Answer 20

light meter

Question 21

how do you measure light intensity

Answer 21

The meter is held at the
soil surface and pointed in the direction of the maximum light intensity, then the meter is read. Errors can be made when measuring light intensity by accidentally shading the light meter. Results can be made more reliable by
taking many samples

Question 22

what is used to measure the moisture of the soil

Answer 22

moisture meter

Question 23

what is used to measure the pH of soil

Answer 23

pH meter

Question 24

how are moisture meter and pH meter used

Answer 24

by pushing the probe into the soil and read the meter

the probe must be cleaned between readings

Question 25

how do you increase reliability

Answer 25

repeat and obtain an average to increase reliability

Question 26

what does repeating do

Answer 26

repeat and obtain an average to increase reliability

Question 27

what does mrs gren stand for

Answer 27

``` movement respiration sensitivity growth reproduction exeration nutrients ```

Question 28

living things can all be sorted into...

Answer 28

large groups called kingdoms

Question 29

give examples of kingdoms

Answer 29

``` animal plant bacteria fungus protist ```

Question 30

what are flowering plants

Answer 30

plants that produce flowers

Question 31

what are non-flowering plants

Answer 31

plants that do not produce flowers

Question 32

give examples of flowering plants

Answer 32

primrose poppy orchid oak tree

Question 33

give examples of non-flowering plants

Answer 33

moss algae fern seaweed

Question 34

what is a biological key used for

Answer 34

to identify organisms

Question 35

what is sampling

Answer 35

sampling is when the number of the organisms within the sample taken can be used to estimate the total number of the organisms within an ecosystem

Question 36

what should you do to make procedures fair

Answer 36

small samples must be taken

Question 37

what is an organism

Answer 37

a living thing

Question 37

How do plants and animals interact

Answer 37

The sun is the source of all energy organisms use. | All food chains start with plants that use sunlight to make their own food.

Question 38

What are herbivore?

Answer 38

Animals which eat only plants

Question 39

What are carnivores?

Answer 39

Carnivores are animals which only eat meat.

Question 40

What are omnivores

Answer 40

Omnivores are animals that eat both plant and meat

Question 41

What is photosynthesis

Answer 41

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use light energy from the sun to make food

Question 42

What makes a plant green

Answer 42

Chlorophyll

Question 43

What do roots do

Answer 43

Roots absorb water

Question 44

Where does carbon dioxide enter

Answer 44

Carbon dioxide enters through the stomata of the leaf

Question 45

What is chlorophyll

Answer 45

Chlorophyll is a green chemical found in the cells of plant leaves. It absorbs light energy and makes the plant have its green colour

Question 46

What do plants use energy for

Answer 46

Plants combine carbon dioxide and water to create a chemical called glucose (carbohydrates). During their reaction oxygen is released

Question 47

What does a plant need

Answer 47

Water which is absorbed through the roots Light Carbon dioxide which enters through the stomata of the leaves

Question 48

What does a plant produce

Answer 48

Oxygen which is released into the air | Sugar (glucose) which is converted into starch

Question 49

What is a organism made by

Answer 49

An organism is made by cells

Question 50

What do animals and plants consist of

Answer 50

Cells

Question 51

What is a ecosystem

Answer 51

A ecosystem is a community consisting of animals, plants, micro organisms and living things and their shared environment.

Question 52

What is a habitat

Answer 52

Habitat refers to the home(living environment) Of an organism. A habitat provides the essential conditions that support the survival of the organism e.g shelter , water ,food and space

Question 53

What is a environment

Answer 53

An environment refers to all the physical conditions found where an organism lives.

Question 54

photosynthesis equation

Answer 54

Carbon dioxide + water = Glucose + oxygen This needs light energy and chlorophyll to do the process Carbon dioxide and water are both raw materials Glucose + oxygen are both products

Question 55

What is population

Answer 55

Population refers to all the members of a single species that live in a habitat.

Question 56

What is a community

Answer 56

Community refers to all the populations of different organisms that live together in a habitat.

Question 57

What is an adaptation

Answer 57

An adaptation refers to features an organism has developed to increase its chances of surviving and/or reproducing

Question 58

what is tree batting

Answer 58

when you hit a tree then see how many bugs fall off

Question 59

What is behavioural adaptation

Answer 59

Behavioural - responses made by an organism that help it to survive/reproduce.

Question 60

What are the adaptations

Answer 60

Physiological,behavioural and structural

Question 61

What is a physiological adaptation

Answer 61

Physiological - a body process that helps an organism to survive/reproduce.

Question 62

What is Structural adaptation

Answer 62

Structural - a feature of an organism's body that helps it to survive/reproduce.