Biology Lab final (External Anatomy)

Question 1

Dogfish Shark - Spiracle

Answer 1

A passage way that allows water to be taken in and oxygenated blood to be supplied to the brain and eyes. They are between the gill slits and eyes.

They are used by sharks to ventilate their gills and take in water

Question 2

Dogfish Shark - Eye

Answer 2

Use their eyes for hunting, camouflage detection // their eyes are adapted to low light vision

Question 3

Dogfish Shark - Lateral line

Answer 3

Light horizontal stripe.

The line is made up of tiny pores that lead to receptors that are sensitive to mechanical movement of water and changes of pressure

Question 4

Dogfish Shark - Dorsal Fin

Answer 4

• Anterior / Posterior (Anterior is larger)
• Help shark mantain stability and control quick movements since the fin shape reduces drag
• also contains network of blood vessels that regulate shark body temperature

Question 5

Dogfish Shark - Pectoral Fin

Answer 5

• used for steering, balance and stability, and maneuverability

Question 6

Dogfish Shark - Caudal Fin

Answer 6

help shark achieve high speed and maneuverability/ stability ,

provide thrust to move forward

Question 7

Dogfish Shark - Pelvic fin

Answer 7

help lift the shark and steer the shark

Question 8

Dogfish Shark - Gill Slits

Answer 8

Its function is to faciliate gas exchange / water circulation

• provide large surface area for gas exchange

The gill slits close and the pharyngeal chamber expands to suck in water. When the pharynx is filled, the mouth closes and the gill chambers expand and fill with water. Then the gill slits open and the chambers constrict to flush out the water.

Question 9

Dogfish Shark - Mouth

Answer 9

eating / intakes water that passes through the gills

Question 10

Dogfish Shark - Cloaca

Answer 10

endpoint of digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts.

• For female: Its also where it recieves sperm

Question 11

Dogfish Shark - Claspers

Answer 11

male - are used to transfer sperm to female while mating

Question 12

Fetal Pig - Ears

Answer 12

Directs sound

Question 13

Fetal Pig - Mouth

Answer 13

• Mechanical breakdown of food begins
• enters the digestive tract

Question 14

Fetal Pig - External Nares

Answer 14

• allows air into nasal cavity to breath
• ( nostrils)
• Allows air into nasal cavity for olfactory sensation, warming, and respiration

Question 15

Fetal Pig - Anus

Answer 15

• exterior opening of the digestive system
• endpoint
• excretes waste

Question 16

Fetal Pig - Urogenital Opening

Answer 16

• (Male and female)
• opening to reproductive system
• releases metabolic waste

Question 17

Fetal Pig - Genital Papilla

Answer 17

indicates pig sex

• female vaginal area
• Female Genital Papilla:
  In female fetal pigs, the genital papilla remains relatively small and is located just ventral to the anus.

The function of the female genital papilla is related to embryonic development. It eventually differentiates into the external genitalia of the female pig, including the vulva and associated structures.

Question 18

Fetal Pig - Mammary Papilla

Answer 18

• Present in both female and males, more prominent and differentiated in females

mammary glands in females produce milk to feed the young

Question 19

Fetal Pig - Scrotum

Answer 19

• male
• consists of small mescular pouch where the testicles reside
• thermoregulator for testes

Question 20

Fetal Pig - Wrist

Answer 20

allows for forelimb movement

Question 21

Fetal Pig - Knee

Answer 21

allows for movement in legs

Question 22

Fetal Pig - Shoulder

Answer 22

raises and pulls upper forelimbs for movement

Question 23

Fetal Pig - Jaw

Answer 23

For chewing their food

Question 24

Fetal Pig - Tail

Answer 24

• mantains balance and stability
• communication

Question 25

Fetal Pig - Umbilical Cord

Answer 25

connects fetus to placenta for transporting waste, oxygen, and nutrients

Question 26

Crayfish - Antennae

Answer 26

used to taste food, touch, and mantain balance

Question 27

Crayfish - Uropod

Answer 27

• two pairs

function is similar to swimming paddles , work in conjunction with muscles in the tail and relson to swim quickly

Question 28

Crayfish - Cheliped

Answer 28

• defense and to capture prey

Question 29

Crayfish - Rostrum

Answer 29

aids in the protection of eyes // extra protection

Question 30

Crayfish - Abdomen

Answer 30

• locomotion, protection

Question 31

Crayfish - Cephalothorax

Answer 31

area where the vital organs of crayfish are found like heart, reproductive organs, digestive glan, stomach, esophagus