Biology Key terms 1

Question 1

Cell division

Answer 1

The organized process of creating two new cells (Mitosis, Meiosis, Cytokinesis)

Question 2

Cell cycle

Answer 2

timeline of events that occurs during the lifetime of a cell (Interphase, cell division)

Question 3

Mitosis

Answer 3

when the nucleus of a cell divides into two identical nuclei

Question 4

Cytokinesis

Answer 4

when the rest of the cell divides to form two new daughter cells

Question 5

Chromatin

Answer 5

Form of DNA inside the nucleus that appears in long strands

Question 6

Sister chromatids

Answer 6

two sides of the X form by replicated chromosomes

Question 7

Chromosomes

Answer 7

form of tightly coiled shortened and thickened DNA

Question 8

Centromere

Answer 8

A central protein bundle that connects sister chromatids

Question 9

Karyotype

Answer 9

a picture of the chromosomes within an organisms body (determines sex)

Question 10

Autosomes

Answer 10

all chromosomes except for the sex chromosome

Question 11

Homologous pairs

Answer 11

matching chromosomes that each came from one parent

Question 12

Gene

Answer 12

a length of DNA that codes for a protein/trait

Question 13

Alleles

Answer 13

two alternate forms of each gene present on a specific chromosome in an organism

Question 14

Tumor

Answer 14

an abnormal mass of tissue caused by excessive cell growth

Question 15

Mutation

Answer 15

a change in the DNA code of an organism

Question 16

Spindle fibers

Answer 16

thin protein filaments that are constructed by the centrioles in prophase