Biology II H Unit 3

Question 1

Contain carbon and hydrogen atoms bonded to other atoms

Answer 1

Organic Molecules, Biomolecules, Macromolecules

Question 2

4 types of organic molecules

Answer 2

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Question 3

Contain a total of 6 electrons, only 4 electrons in the outer shell, very divers as one atom can bond with up to y other atoms.

Answer 3

Carbon atoms

Question 4

Carbon atoms bond with other carbon atoms.

Answer 4

hydrocarbons

Question 5

Are clusters of specific atoms bonded to the carbon skeleton with characteristic structure and function. (determin polarity)

Answer 5

Functional Groups

Question 6

organic molecules that have identical molecular formulas, but differing internal arrangements of atoms.

Answer 6

Isomers

Question 7

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids

Answer 7

Macromolecules

Question 8

Monomers make up….

Answer 8

polymers

Question 9

Removal of water molecules (connect monomers together to make polymers)

Answer 9

Dehydration

Question 10

Addition of water molecule (disassemble polymers into monomer parts)

Answer 10

Hydrolysis

Question 11

Speed up biological processes

Answer 11

Enzymes

Question 12

monosaccarides

Answer 12

charbohydrates

Question 13

Amino acids

Answer 13

protein

Question 14

glycerol and fatty acids

Answer 14

lipids

Question 15

nucleic acids

Answer 15

nucleotide

Question 16

Carbohydrates

Answer 16

C,H,O 1:2:1

Question 17

Lipids

Answer 17

C,H,O

Question 18

Proteins

Answer 18

C,H,O,N

Question 19

Nucleic Acid

Answer 19

C,H,O,N,P

Question 20

are single sugar molecules such as glucose, ribose (rna), deoxyribose(dna).

Answer 20

Monosaccharides

Question 21

contain two monosaccharides joined by dehydration reaction.

Answer 21

Disaccharides

Question 22

are polymers of monosaccharides

Answer 22

Polysaccharides

Question 23

Starch

Answer 23

plants

Question 24

Glycogen

Answer 24

animals

Question 25

Cellulose

Answer 25

found in the plant cell walls (fiber)

Question 26

Chitin

Answer 26

Provide structure

Question 27

Lipids are…

Answer 27

insoluble in water

Question 28

Lipids provide…

Answer 28

insulation ans energy storage in animals

Question 29

Long-term energy storage (fats and oils), consists of a backbone of one glycerol molecule (a water-soluble compound) with three hydroxyl (-OH) groups.

Answer 29

Triglycerides

Question 30

glycerol backbone and 2 fatty acids attached instead of three. Fatty acids are nonpolar and hydrophobic, the phosphate group is polar and hydrophilic. when touched by water they form like the cell wall.

Answer 30

Phospholipids

Question 31

Cholestoral, testosterone, and estrogen

Answer 31

steroids

Question 32

long chain fatty acid bonded to a long chain alcohol. Waterproof and resistant to degradation

Answer 32

waxes

Question 33

makes up hair and nails

Answer 33

keratin

Question 34

support many body structures

Answer 34

collagen

Question 35

20 differnt amino acids make up…

Answer 35

proteins

Question 36

Protein bonds are…

Answer 36

peptide bonds

Question 37

the sequance of amino acids (straight line, 20 amino acids)

Answer 37

primary

Question 38

The way the amino acid chain coils and folds

Answer 38

Secondary

Question 39

Overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide. string tie together.

Answer 39

Tertiary

Question 40

Consists of more than one polypeptide (several noted chains together)

Answer 40

Quaternary

Question 41

Nucleotide structure

Answer 41

Phosphate group, Pentose sugar, Nitrogenous base

Question 42

Double stranded helical spiral, genetic info, found in chromosomes.

Answer 42

DNA

Question 43

Single stranded, assembly of proteins, found in nucleus and cytoplasm of call.

Answer 43

RNA

Question 44

Is composed of adenine, ribose, and three phosphates

Answer 44

ATP