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Biology final exam > Biology final exam > Flashcards

Biology final exam Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

endangered species

A

face immediate extinction throughout all or most of its range

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2
Q

Threatened species

A

likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future

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3
Q

What is the main reason why organisms adapt to environmental changed?

A

Due to varying numbers of different alleles and relative frequencies of those alleles in populations and species cause change.

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4
Q

What does higher genetic diversity mean?

A

more individuals will be able to survive changes in their ecosystem

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5
Q

why was there a reintroduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park? How does the diversity of the ecosystem come into play?

A

there were too many elks in the park that were grazing on aspen trees so they introduced wolves to lower the elk count. When elk numbers decreased, there was an increase in tree count which led to more habitats for birds and beavers.

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6
Q

What are the three direct values of biodiversity

A

medicinal, agricultural, consumptive use

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7
Q

Medicinal

A

penicillin (antibiotic) is derived from a fungus

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8
Q

Agricultural

A

biological pest control (predators/parasites) and high yield crops

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9
Q

Consumptive use

A

wild fruit, vegetables, beeswax, seaweed, meat from the wild

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10
Q

What are the two indirect values of biodiversity

A

Waste disposal and Ecotourism

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11
Q

Waste disposal

A

using bacteria in wastewater treatment plants to eat up the poop sewage and produce healthy, clean water

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12
Q

ecotourism

A

many people prefer to vacation in natural areas (pay for feeds, travel, lodging and food)

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13
Q

What is population

A

includes all the organisms of the same species interacting with the environment in a particular area

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14
Q

What is a community

A

consists of all various populations at a particular location

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15
Q

What shape does a Exponential growth curve have

A

J-Shape curve

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16
Q

What is an Exponential growth curve?

A

growth is accelerating

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17
Q

What shape is a logistic growth?

A

S-shaped

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18
Q

What is logistic growth curve?

A

rate of growth slows down

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19
Q

What is the lag phase?

A

slow growth

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20
Q

environmental resistance

A

population size levels off

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21
Q

carrying capacity

A

number of individuals the environment can support

22
Q

Does logistic growth have a carrying capacity?

A

yes

23
Q

stable equilibrium

A

little if any growth because births=deaths

24
Q

pollution

A

any environmental change that adversely affects the lives and health of living organisms

25
Q

What are the five types of pollution

A

acid deposition, eutrophication, ozone depletion, organic chemicals, climate change

26
Q

Where does Acid Deposition mainly come from?

A

power plants and auto exhaust

27
Q

What occurs during acid deposition?

A

Gases are converted to acids when combined with water vapor from atmosphere. Acids return to earth in rain.

28
Q

What does acid despoliation affect in the environment?

A

Weakens trees, increases susceptibility to disease and insects, decreases pH of water

29
Q

What is Eutrophication?

A

excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water

30
Q

Where is Eutrophication from?

A

runoff and wastewater

31
Q

How does Eutrophication affect the environment?

A

Algae overgrowth, abundance of decomposers which use up oxygen and kills fish

32
Q

What does the Ozone depletion protect Earth from?

A

harmful UV radiation

33
Q

What occurs in the Ozone depletion?

A

Release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere breaks down this protective ozone layer

34
Q

How does Ozone depletion affect the environment?

A

results in impaired growth of crops and trees, death of plankton that sustain ocean life, dramatic increases in skin cancer

35
Q

Where are organic chemicals used?

A

in pesticides, dishwashing detergents, cosmetics, plastic and spermicides

36
Q

What do organic chemicals mimic effects of?

A

hormones (endocrine disruptors)

37
Q

How can organic chemicals affect the environment?

A

salmon exposed to organic chemical unable to adapt to salt water

38
Q

What is climate change?

A

recent changes in Earths climate

39
Q

What is the major contributor of climate change?

A

global warming

40
Q

how does global warming affect the world?

A

through an increase in greenhouse gasses (CO2 and methane)

41
Q

How does climate change affect the environment?

A

results in rise of sea levels, animals stuck in warming climate may be unable to relocate

42
Q

What are the four different kinds of waste?

A

industrial waste, commercial waste, domestic waste and agricultural waste

43
Q

What is industrial waste?

A

Wastes generated in factories and industries that’s dumped into bodies of water

44
Q

Examples of industrial waste

A

plastic and glass

45
Q

What is commercial waste

A

waste that’s produced in schools, colleges, shops and offices

46
Q

What are examples of commercial waste?

A

paper and plastic

47
Q

What is domestic waste?

A

various household wastes generated from household activities (cooking, cleaning)

48
Q

Examples of domestic waste

A

leaves, vegetables, pee/poop

49
Q

What is agricultural waste?

A

Waste produced in agricultural fields

50
Q

examples of agricultural waste

A

cattle poop, weeds and husks

Biology final exam (1 decks)

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