Biology Exam#2 Flashcards
The theory that states that ”all organisms are made of cells and all come from existing cells” is known as
Cell theory
All cells contain which of the following?
Plasma membrane
The semi-fluid matrix which contains the organelles of the cell is known as the
Cytoplasm
Which of the following is not present in prokaryotic cells?
Nucleus
Which of the following is a prokaryote?
Bacteria
The cytoskeleton is
A network of filaments inside the cell that gives structure to the cell and allows for movement
A ribosome is
A complex of RNA and protein that is responsible for proteins synthesis
The extracellular structure which gives shape and structure to plants, fungi and prokaryotic cells is the
Cell wall
The cellular organelle, present in eukaryotes, that contains a DNA-protein complex called chromatin(a.k.a the genetic material) is the
Nucleus
The organelle found in plants and some protists that produces carbohydrates from water and carbon dioxide using the energy from sunlight (photosynthesis) is the
Chloroplast
The largest (in diameter) components of the cytoskeleton that play a key role in the movement of cilia and eukaryotic flagella are
Microtubules
The cell wall of plants is made of
Cellulose
Which structure manufactures proteins that will be secreted, sent to lysosomes or embedded in membranes?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Which structure makes ATP by reacting oxygen with nutrients such as carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids? It is the site of aerobic respiration
Mitochondria
Which type of cell has mitochondria, a nucleus, no chloroplasts and no cell wall?
Animal
Which describes the function of the endomembrane system (ER and golgi)?
Secretion
What is the double phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the genetic material,
Plasma membrane
Which of the following describes the structure of a phospholipid?
A glycerol a phosphate and 2 fatty acids
Which of the following molecules can cross a phospholipid bilayer WITHOUT the help of a transport protein?
Small non-polar molecules like oxygen
Transport proteins
Move substances across the lipid bilayer
The net movement of the solute molecules from a high concentration of solute to a low concentration of solute is known as
Diffusion
The cytoplasm of the cell is mostly water with nutrients, gases, electrolytes, proteins and other substances dissolved in it. The cytoplasm might be described as an aqueous solution.What is the solvent for the cytoplasm?
Water
Placing an animal cell into a solution with more solutes than the cytoplasm will cause the cell to
To shrink
At hypotonic solution is one with( outside cell)
Fewer solutes
