Biology Exam#2

Question 1

The theory that states that ”all organisms are made of cells and all come from existing cells” is known as

Answer 1

Cell theory

Question 2

All cells contain which of the following?

Answer 2

Plasma membrane

Question 3

The semi-fluid matrix which contains the organelles of the cell is known as the

Answer 3

Cytoplasm

Question 4

Which of the following is not present in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Which of the following is a prokaryote?

Answer 5

Bacteria

Question 6

The cytoskeleton is

Answer 6

A network of filaments inside the cell that gives structure to the cell and allows for movement

Question 7

A ribosome is

Answer 7

A complex of RNA and protein that is responsible for proteins synthesis

Question 8

The extracellular structure which gives shape and structure to plants, fungi and prokaryotic cells is the

Answer 8

Cell wall

Question 9

The cellular organelle, present in eukaryotes, that contains a DNA-protein complex called chromatin(a.k.a the genetic material) is the

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

The organelle found in plants and some protists that produces carbohydrates from water and carbon dioxide using the energy from sunlight (photosynthesis) is the

Answer 10

Chloroplast

Question 11

The largest (in diameter) components of the cytoskeleton that play a key role in the movement of cilia and eukaryotic flagella are

Answer 11

Microtubules

Question 12

The cell wall of plants is made of

Answer 12

Cellulose

Question 13

Which structure manufactures proteins that will be secreted, sent to lysosomes or embedded in membranes?

Answer 13

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 14

Which structure makes ATP by reacting oxygen with nutrients such as carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids? It is the site of aerobic respiration

Answer 14

Mitochondria

Question 15

Which type of cell has mitochondria, a nucleus, no chloroplasts and no cell wall?

Answer 15

Animal

Question 16

Which describes the function of the endomembrane system (ER and golgi)?

Answer 16

Secretion

Question 17

What is the double phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the genetic material,

Answer 17

Plasma membrane

Question 18

Which of the following describes the structure of a phospholipid?

Answer 18

A glycerol a phosphate and 2 fatty acids

Question 19

Which of the following molecules can cross a phospholipid bilayer WITHOUT the help of a transport protein?

Answer 19

Small non-polar molecules like oxygen

Question 20

Transport proteins

Answer 20

Move substances across the lipid bilayer

Question 21

The net movement of the solute molecules from a high concentration of solute to a low concentration of solute is known as

Answer 21

Diffusion

Question 22

The cytoplasm of the cell is mostly water with nutrients, gases, electrolytes, proteins and other substances dissolved in it. The cytoplasm might be described as an aqueous solution.What is the solvent for the cytoplasm?

Answer 22

Water

Question 23

Placing an animal cell into a solution with more solutes than the cytoplasm will cause the cell to

Answer 23

To shrink

Question 24

At hypotonic solution is one with( outside cell)

Answer 24

Fewer solutes

Question 25

A phospholipid bilayer can be described as

Answer 25

Two layers of phospholipids arranged so that the hydrophobic tails are facing inwards and the hydrophilic heads are facing outwards

Question 26

Passive Transport is when

Answer 26

Ions or molecules use ion channels or carrier proteins to diffuse from a high concentration to a low concentration

Question 27

The following is an example of Active Transport:

Answer 27

Hydrogen ions are pumped using ATP from inside the cell where the concentration is low to outside the cell where the concentration is high (low to high)

Question 28

The ultimate source of all energy in living systems is

Answer 28

The sun

Question 29

An endergonic reaction is one that

Answer 29

Requires energy to take place

Question 30

ATP

Answer 30

Consists of adenine,ribose and three phosphates;is produced by aerobic cellular respiration;is used by cells to do work
All of the above

Question 31

An Enzyme is

Answer 31

A biological catalyst that is usually a protein