Biology Endocrine System aka hormones

Question 1

Peptide

Answer 1

Protein that can’t diffuse

Bind to receptors on membrane surfaces. Use secondary messengers

Question 2

Steroids

Answer 2

Lipids-non polar

Diffuse through the membrane and act in the nucleus

Question 3

Tyrosines

Answer 3

Both ways

Thyroids diffused into nucleus/ Catecholamines act on receptors at the membrane

Question 4

Hormones released by the anterior pituitary

Answer 4

hGH, ACTH, FSH, LH, TSH, Prolactin

Question 5

Hormones released by the posterior pituitary

Answer 5

Oxytocin, ADH

Question 6

Hormones released by the Adrenal Cortex

Answer 6

Aldosterone, Cortisol

Question 7

Hormones released by the Adrenal Medulla

Answer 7

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

Question 8

Hormones released by the Thyroid

Answer 8

T3/T4, Calcitonin

Question 9

Hormones released by the Parathyroid

Answer 9

PTH

Question 10

Hormones released by the Pancreas

Answer 10

Insulin, Glucagon

Question 11

Hormones released by the Ovaries

Answer 11

Estrogens, Progesterone

Question 12

Hormones released by the Testes

Answer 12

Testosterone

Question 13

Hormones released by the Placenta

Answer 13

HCG, Estrogens (while pregnant), Progesterone (while pregnant)

Question 14

hGH

Answer 14

Growth of nearly all cells

Peptide

Question 15

ACTH

Answer 15

Stimulates Adrenal Cortex

Peptide

Question 16

FSH

Answer 16

Growth of follicles in female
Sperm production in males
Peptide

Question 17

LH

Answer 17

Causes ovulation, stimulates estrogen and testosterone secretion
Peptide

Question 18

TSH

Answer 18

Stimulates release of T3 and T4 in the thyroid

Peptide

Question 19

Prolactin

Answer 19

Promotes milk production

Peptide

Question 20

Oxytocin

Answer 20

Milk ejection and uterine contraction

Peptide

Question 21

ADH

Answer 21

Water absorption by the kidney, increases blood pressure

Peptide

Question 22

Aldosterone

Answer 22

Reduces Na+ excretion
Increase K+ excretion
Raises Blood Pressure

Steroid

Question 23

Cortisol

Answer 23

Increases blood levels of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Steroid

Question 24

Epinephrine

Answer 24

Stimulates Sympathetic Reaction
Also called adrenaline 
increase cardiac output and to raise glucose levels in the blood
Tyrosine derivatives 
(Catecholamine)

Question 25

Norepinephrine

Answer 25

``` Stimulates Sympathetic Actions norepinephrine increases heart rate and blood pumping from the heart. Stress hormone Tyrosine derivatives (Catecholamine) ```

Question 26

T3/T4

Answer 26

Increases basal metabolic rate | Tyrosine Derivative

Question 27

Calcitonin

Answer 27

Lowers blood calcium | Peptide

Question 28

PTH

Answer 28

Raises blood calcium | Peptide

Question 29

Insulin

Answer 29

Fed Hormone Promotes entry of glucose into cells, decreasing glucose blood levels. Peptide

Question 30

Glucagon

Answer 30

Increases gluconeogenesis, increasing glucose blood levels | Peptide

Question 31

Estrogens

Answer 31

Growth of mother sex organs; causes LH surge | Steroid

Question 32

Progesterone

Answer 32

Prepares and maintains uterus for pregnancy | Steroid

Question 33

Testosterone

Answer 33

Secondary sex characteristics; closing of epiphyseal plates | Steroid

Question 34

HCG

Answer 34

Stimulates corpus luteum to grow and release estrogen and progesterone Peptide

Question 35

Estrogens (while pregnant)

Answer 35

Growth of mother sex organs, causes LH surge | Steroid

Question 36

Progesterone (while pregnant)

Answer 36

Prepares and maintains uterus for pregnancy | Steroid