Biology End of year exam Flashcards
Blood is composed of different types of cells floating in a liquid called?
Plasma
What does blood contain
Red blood cells, white blood cells and smaller particles called platelets
What are white blood cells part of
The immune system
What do white blood cells do
They destroy bacteria and foreign particles like viruses
What are the two main types of white blood cells
Phagocytes and lymphocytes
What do phagocytes do
They carry out phagocytosis by engulfing bacteria
What do lymphocytes do
They produce specific antibodies which destroy viruses
What do vaccines do
They allow dead or altered form of the foreign particle to be introduced into the body so the immune system recognises it it on exposure
What do platlets do
They help the blood to clot and reduce bleeding
What is the function of the heart
To pump blood around the body
What are the four different chambers of the heart called
Right atrium, left atrium right ventricle and left ventricle
The heart is made out of
Cardiac muscle
What do the arteries do
They carry blood away from the heart
What do veins do
They carry blood back to the heart
Veins contain
Valves which prevent back flow of blood
What are capillaries
Are small vessels which form a network between arteries and veins
Oxygenated blood is rich in…
Oxygen
Deoxygenated blood is rich in…
Carbon dioxide
What are the four major blood vessels leading to and from the heart called
The aorta, pulmonary artery pulmonary vein and vena cava
What does the aorta do
It carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body
What does the vena cava do
It carries deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart
What does the pulmonary artery do
Carries deoxygenated blood from the the heart to the lungs
What does the pulmonary vein do
It returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
