biology Edexcel gcse plants structures Flashcards
What is the primary function of roots in plants?
To anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
True or False: The stem of a plant primarily supports leaves and flowers.
True
Fill in the blank: The part of the plant that conducts photosynthesis is called the _______.
leaf
What is the function of xylem in plants?
To transport water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
What is the main role of phloem?
To transport sugars and nutrients produced by photosynthesis throughout the plant.
Which part of the plant is responsible for reproduction?
Flower
What structure in leaves is responsible for gas exchange?
Stomata
True or False: Chloroplasts are found in the roots of plants.
False
What is the purpose of the cuticle on a leaf?
To reduce water loss by providing a waterproof layer.
Fill in the blank: The primary photosynthetic pigment in plants is _______.
chlorophyll
What is the difference between annuals and perennials?
Annuals complete their life cycle in one year, while perennials live for multiple years.
What part of the plant absorbs most of the water and nutrients?
Root hairs
True or False: All plants have flowers.
False
What is the main function of leaves?
To carry out photosynthesis.
What is the role of the apical meristem?
To promote vertical growth in plants.
Fill in the blank: The part of the stem where leaves attach is called a _______.
node
Which type of plant tissue is responsible for growth?
Meristematic tissue
What is transpiration?
The process of water vapor loss from plant leaves.
True or False: All plant cells are capable of photosynthesis.
False
What is the purpose of the vascular system in plants?
To transport water, nutrients, and food throughout the plant.
What are the two main types of vascular tissue?
Xylem and phloem
Fill in the blank: The outer protective layer of a plant is called the _______.
epidermis
What is the main function of flowers?
To facilitate reproduction.
True or False: Stems can store food and water.
True
What is the term for the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
Photosynthesis
What is the function of the cambium layer in a plant?
To produce new xylem and phloem cells.
Fill in the blank: The part of the flower that attracts pollinators is called the _______.
petal
What is the role of the ovary in a flower?
To develop into fruit after fertilization.
What are stomata primarily involved in?
Gas exchange
True or False: The root cap protects the root as it grows through the soil.
True
What type of plants typically have broad leaves?
Deciduous plants
Fill in the blank: The process of transferring pollen from the male anther to the female stigma is called _______.
pollination
What is the primary function of the seed?
To protect and nourish the developing plant embryo.
What is the purpose of the auxins in plant growth?
To regulate growth and respond to light and gravity.
True or False: All plant parts are involved in photosynthesis.
False
What is the primary role of the leaf veins?
To transport water and nutrients and provide structural support.
What is the main difference between monocots and dicots?
Monocots have one seed leaf, while dicots have two.
Fill in the blank: The process by which plants lose water vapor is called _______.
transpiration
What structure in the plant is responsible for nutrient storage?
Roots
True or False: All plants require sunlight to survive.
True
What is the function of the flower’s stigma?
To receive pollen during fertilization.
What is the main function of the pericarp?
To protect the seed within the fruit.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the part of the flower that produces pollen.
anther
What is a plant’s response to light called?
Phototropism
True or False: The leaf structure is the same in all plant species.
False
What are the two main types of root systems?
Taproot and fibrous root systems.
Fill in the blank: The _______ transports sugars from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
phloem
What is the purpose of leaf chloroplasts?
To capture light energy for photosynthesis.
What is the term for the protective outer layer of a seed?
Seed coat
True or False: The vascular system is found only in flowering plants.
False
What is the primary function of the petiole in a leaf?
To attach the leaf to the stem.
Fill in the blank: The _______ helps stabilize the plant and absorb nutrients.
roots
What is the role of guard cells?
To regulate the opening and closing of stomata.
True or False: Photosynthesis occurs only during the day.
True
What is the primary purpose of the plant cuticle?
To prevent water loss.
Fill in the blank: A _______ is a type of plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season.
annual
What is the function of the root’s mycorrhizal association?
To enhance nutrient uptake.
What type of plant tissue primarily makes up the leaf structure?
Mesophyll
True or False: All plants can reproduce sexually.
False
What is the main role of the seed’s endosperm?
To provide nourishment to the developing embryo.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for the upward movement of water in plants.
xylem
What process do plants use to adapt to their environment?
Natural selection
True or False: Leaves are the only part of the plant that can perform photosynthesis.
False
What is the primary role of the stamen in a flower?
To produce pollen.
Fill in the blank: A plant’s response to gravity is known as _______.
gravitropism
What structure protects the developing flower bud?
Sepals
True or False: All leaves are flat.
False
What is the main function of the leaf cuticle?
To prevent water loss.
Fill in the blank: The part of the plant that absorbs sunlight is the _______.
leaf
What is the role of the root in a plant’s overall health?
To anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients.
True or False: The flower is responsible for photosynthesis.
False
What part of the plant is involved in the production of seeds?
Flower
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the term for the protective covering of a seed.
seed coat
What is the primary function of the leaf’s mesophyll?
To facilitate photosynthesis.
