Biology DNA Flashcards
What is the genetic material within the nucleus of most cells called?
DNA
What is a genome?
The collection of all DNA of an organism
Most cells contain a complete copy of an organisms …………?
genome
The human DNA is tightly packed in 46 long molecules known as?
chromosomes
What are sections of a chromosome called?
genes
What do the genes do?
The control different characteristics in the organism
Give 4 points about the structure of the DNA.
DNA is in a double-stranded helix
DNA is made up of four bases
Each base is joined to a pentose sugar and a phosphate group
These make up a nucleotide
What are the names of the four bases?
Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine
Explain complimentary base paring?
complimentary base paring is when the bases within the DNA bond with one another. But they only bond to one specific base. Adenine always bonds with Thymine and Cytosine always pairing with Guanine
What bond hold together the complimentary bases?
Hydrogen bonds
How are hydrogen bonds formed?
They are formed because of weak electrical charges between bases
How many hydrogen bonds does Cytosine and Guanine form?
3
How many hydrogen bonds does Adenine and Thymine form?
2
