Biology - Digestive Disorders

Question 1

Describe Peptic Ulcers.

Answer 1

• Tissue becomes inflamed
• Protective mucus weaker
• Tissue coming in contact with acidic gas juices

Question 2

What causes of Peptic Ulcers?

Answer 2

Acid resistant bacteria = helicobacter pylori

Question 3

What is the treatment for Peptic Ulcers?

Answer 3

Antibiotics, antacids (neutralize)

Question 4

What are the symptoms of Peptic Ulcers?

Answer 4

Dull pain stomach, acid reflux, low appetite

Question 5

Describe Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Answer 5

Chronic inflammation in the intestines

Question 6

What are the types of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

Answer 6

Crohn’s Disease (attack any part alimentary canal)
Ulcerative colitis (colon attack) *usually an immune response

Question 7

What is the treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

Answer 7

No cure/anti inflammatory/surgery

Question 8

What are the symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

Answer 8

Loose + bloody stools

Question 9

Describe Constipation.

Answer 9

When fecal movement is too slow

Question 10

What causes Constipation?

Answer 10

Low water intake + unhealthy diet

Question 11

What are the symptoms of Constipation?

Answer 11

Difficulty pushing stool out + hard texture

Question 12

What is the treatment for Constipation?

Answer 12

More water + fiber (cellulase fruits, veggies, whole grains)

Question 13

Describe Colon Cancer.

Answer 13

Growth cells in the large intestine (polyp = cancer cells)

Question 14

What are the symptoms of Colon Cancer?

Answer 14

Constantly changing stool, bowel habits, diarrhea/constipation, lasting longer four weeks, bloody poop

Question 15

What is the treatment for Colon Cancer?

Answer 15

Surgery

Question 16

Describe Hepatitis.

Answer 16

Viral infection within the liver causing inflammation

Question 17

What causes Hepatitis?

Answer 17

• Type A: Contaminated water (from bacteria in feces)
• Type B: Sexual contact and infected blood
• Type C: Infected blood and injections/needles

Question 18

What are the symptoms of Hepatitis?

Answer 18

Yellow skin and eyes (Jaundice), pale stool, dark urine

Question 19

What is the treatment for Hepatitis?

Answer 19

Antiviral medicine, liver transplant (chronic Hepatitis = subtle changes)

Question 20

Describe Cirrhosis.

Answer 20

Non-functioning scar liver tissue that replaces healthy tissue liver

Question 21

What causes Cirrhosis?

Answer 21

Viral infection, alcohol, toxins

Question 22

What are the symptoms of Cirrhosis?

Answer 22

Confusion, drowsiness, bleeding easily, yellow discoloration, breast enlargement (in men)

Question 23

What is the treatment for Cirrhosis?

Answer 23

Preventing hepatitis with vaccines, reduce alcohol, surgery

Question 24

Describe Gallstones.

Answer 24

Hard salt masses occur Gall bladder, block bile duct, Cholesterol (precipitates), (crystalize)

Question 25

What causes Gallstones?

Answer 25

Obesity, alcohol, heredity

Question 26

What are the symptoms of Gallstones?

Answer 26

Attacks occur every so often, pain starting 30 minutes after a fatty or greasy meal, severe, dull, constant pain that can last from 1 to 5 hours

Question 27

What is the treatment for Gallstones?

Answer 27

Change diet (add omega 3 oils), surgery, ultrasound shock waves

Question 28

Describe the Appendix.

Answer 28

Safe area for good bacteria in the gut

Question 29

Do you need your Appendix? If so, why?

Answer 29

Yes.
When bad bacteria infects the intestines, the immune system tries to use water to flush out bad bacteria from the colon, and the Appendix is where the good bacteria can go to avoid being flushed out through diarrhea

Question 30

What is Appendicitis?

Answer 30

It is when the Appendix is blocked by stool, a foreign body, cancer, or an infection

Question 31

Describe Diabetes.

Answer 31

When body cells are unable to use glucose for energy resulting in high blood sugar levels

Question 32

What causes Diabetes?

Answer 32

Not enough insulin/ body cannot use insulin (which moves glucose into body cells to make energy)

Question 33

What are the types of Diabetes?

Answer 33

Type 1: Autoimmune disease that develops in children
Type 2: Insulin insensitivity developed in adults

Question 34

What are the symptoms of Diabetes?

Answer 34

Kidney disease, eye disease, nerve damage, limb damage, cardiovascular disease

Question 35

What is the treatment for Diabetes?

Answer 35

Insulin injections can increase the lifespan of Diabetics (if used in conjunction with exercise and a proper diet), this was discovered by Charles Best and Frederick Bantin

Question 36

Describe Celiac Disease.

Answer 36

Sensitivity to gluten (protein in wheat, rye, barley), damages villi in the small intestine which takes your ability to absorb nutrients from the food you eat

Question 37

What causes Celiac Disease?

Answer 37

The immune system attacks gluten, which harms the villi in the small intestine, which makes us unable to absorb nutrient from food, making us sick

Question 38

What are the symptoms of Celiac Disease?

Answer 38

Child: abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, vomiting
Adult: anemia, fatigue, bone loss, depression

Question 39

What is the treatment for Celiac Disease?

Answer 39

Change diet to be gluten free

Question 40

Describe Gastroesophageal Reflux.

Answer 40

Frequent acid reflux, damaging to the esophagus

Question 41

What causes Gastroesophageal Reflux?

Answer 41

Cardiac sphincter not properly closing

Question 42

What are the symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux?

Answer 42

Chest discomfort, sore throat, sour taste mouth

Question 43

What is the treatment for Gastroesophageal Reflux?

Answer 43

Medicine to neutralize/reduce acid production in the stomach (H-2 blocker, calcium carbonate ions)