Biology Definitions Q1 Flashcards
Define Ecosystem
All interacting parts of a biological community and its environment.
Define Biotic
Living parts of an ecosystem (e.g., plants, animals, bacteria).
Define Abiotic
Non-living parts of an ecosystem (e.g., sunlight, soil, air).
Define Biosphere
The regions of Earth where living organisms exist.
Define Lithosphere
The solid portion of Earth (crust and upper mantle).
Define Hydrosphere
All water on Earth (liquid, vapor, ice).
Define Atmosphere
Layer of gases surrounding Earth.
Define Producer
Organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis (e.g., plants).
Define Consumer
Organism that eats other organisms to gain energy.
Define Decomposer
Organism that breaks down dead matter (e.g., bacteria, fungi).
Define Herbivore
Consumer that eats only plants.
Define Carnivore
Consumer that eats only animals.
Define Omnivore
Consumer that eats both plants and animals.
Define Detrivore
Organism that feeds on dead plant/animal remains.
Define Photosynthesis
Process by which plants convert sunlight into glucose and oxygen.
Define Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration: Process by which organisms break down glucose to release energy.
Define Sustainability
Ability of an ecosystem to endure and support life over time.
Define Biodiversity
The number and variety of life forms in an ecosystem
Define Ecological Niche
Role and position a species has in its environment, including biotic and abiotic factors.
Define Energy Pyramid
100% energy at producers, only 10% passed to each level above.
