Biology/chem/physics

Question 1

DNA is located within a _________ in the _______ of all cells (except red blood cells), genes are a section within the DNA & carries ______ for a particular characteristic. This is the relationship between DNA, genes and chromosomes.

Answer 1

Chromosome
Nuclei
Codes

Question 2

______ are located within DNA which is found in a _________

Answer 2

Genes
Chromosome

Question 3

A typical human cell contains:

Answer 3

23 pairs of chromosomes

Question 4

What does DNA polymerase do in DNA replication

Answer 4

-replicates DNA molecules to build a new dna strand

Question 5

Asexual reproduction produces offspring genetically _______ to the parent.

Answer 5

Identical

Question 6

Sexual reproduction means that the species can _____ to new environments due to population ______. Giving species survival _________. Eg disease is less likely to affect all individuals in a population.

Answer 6

Adapt
Variation
Advantage

Question 7

Mitosis:
Produces-________
Number of cells-______
No. Of chromosomes in each daughter cell-_______
Purpose-_______

Answer 7

Body cells
2 daughter cells
Diploid
Growth and repair

Question 8

Meiosis:
Cell type-______
Daughter cells produced-___
No. Of chromosomes in daughter cells-____
Purpose-______

Answer 8

Sex cell (gamete)
4
Haploid
Sexual reproduction

Question 9

Diploid:

Answer 9

A cell containing 2 sets of chromosomes, one from each parent

Question 10

Haploid:

Answer 10

Single set of chromosomes in a cell. (Sperm and egg)

Question 11

Name the stages of mitosis:

Answer 11

Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase/cytokenisis

Question 12

What is the significance of the number of chromosomes in new daughter cells?
Having the _______ number of chromosomes as the parent cell means that each new daughter cell will develop into a _________ of their parent.

Answer 12

Same
Replica

Question 13

What is protein synthesis?

Answer 13

The reading of genetic information on DNA in order to create a specific protein.

Question 14

Transcription: A double strand of DNA must be _______ to let _______ in and read the code on the strand. As the _______ reads the code, it copies the gene using RNA nucleotides. mRNA peels away from the template strand & DNA strands _____. The mRNA leaves the nucleus through a pore to begin its journey to the _______.

Answer 14

Unzipped
Enzymes
Enzymes
Rejoin
Ribosomes (site of protein production)

Question 15

Translation: mRNA reaches ribosomes, each _____ in mRNA specifies for an amino acid which is joined together by RNA in the order specified by ______. tRNA has an anticodon matching the codon on mRNA, tRNA carries the _____. Once the ____ has been delivered, tRNA leaves to collect another. An ______ chain is formed by a peptide bond the ribosome then detaches and the protein folds into _____.

Answer 15

Codon
mRNA
Amino acid
Amino acid
Amino acid
Configuration

Question 16

Male genotype:

Answer 16

X Y

Question 17

Female genotype:

Answer 17

X X

Question 18

Covalent bonding occurs when atoms_____ and it only happens in _____ metals

Answer 18

Share electrons
Non

Question 19

Ionic is when both _____ and ______ reacting together to form an ionic lattice

Answer 19

Metals
Non metals

Question 20

Metallic bonding occurs with metal with ______ electrons

Answer 20

Delocalised

Question 21

Ionic bond is

Answer 21

A strong electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 22

What is a net force?

Answer 22

The sum of all forces acting on an object

Question 23

The most common force that opposes the motion of objects

Answer 23

Friction