Biology Chapter 7 Cell Structure

Question 1

net movement of particles from an area where there are many particles of the substance to an area where there are few particles of the substance

Answer 1

diffusion

Question 2

molecules and ions continue to move and collide but no change in concentration occurs

Answer 2

equilibrium

Question 3

diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 3

osmosis

Question 4

A solution with the same concentration of water and solutes as inside a cell, resulting in the cell retaining its original shape because there is no net movement of water

Answer 4

isotonic

Question 5

a solution that has a higher concentration of solute outside the cell than inside the cell, causing water to leave the cell by osmosis

Answer 5

hypertonic

Question 6

a solution that has a lower concentration of solute outside the cell than inside the cell, causing water to flow into the cell by osmosis

Answer 6

hypotonic

Question 7

energy-requiring process by which substances move across the plasma membrane against a concentration gradient

Answer 7

active transport

Question 8

energy-requiring process by which a cell expels wastes and secretes substances at the plasma membrane

Answer 8

exocytosis

Question 9

Bi-layer made up of phospholipids; a thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 9

cell membrane

Question 10

strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria

Answer 10

cell wall

Question 11

the property of a membrane that allows some materials to pass through while keeping others out

Answer 11

selectively permeable

Question 12

the basic structural and functional unit of all living things

Answer 12

cell

Question 13

prokaryotic, contains no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles

Answer 13

bacteria cell

Question 14

complex cellular organization: organelles; single or multicellular organisms; newer on the evolutionary scale

Answer 14

eukaryotes

Question 15

The energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference

Answer 15

active transport

Question 16

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 16

Osmosis

Question 17

the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

Answer 17

passive transport

Question 18

when certain types of substances pass through the cell membrane more easily then others

Answer 18

selectively permeable

Question 19

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production

Answer 19

Mitochondria

Question 20

A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell

Answer 20

Golgi apparatus

Question 21

site of protein synthesis

Answer 21

Ribosomes

Question 22

Contain digestive enzymes, removes waste and foreign material from the cell

Answer 22

Lysomes

Question 23

A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

Answer 23

Nucleus

Question 24

A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Answer 24

Eukaryote

Question 25

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Answer 25

Prokaryote