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Biology > Biology Chapter 2/3 Test > Flashcards

Biology Chapter 2/3 Test Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biochemistry

A

Chemistry of life

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2
Q

Proton

A

Positively charge/reside in nucleus

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3
Q

Electron

A

Negatively charged/reside in electron cloud

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4
Q

Neutron

A

No charge/reside in nucleus

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5
Q

Nucleus charge

A

Positive

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6
Q

Atomic Number

A

Tells # of protons in an atom

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7
Q

Atomic Mass

A

Protons+Neutrons

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8
Q

Proton/Neutron Mass:

A

1 amu

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9
Q

All elements and compounds:

A

Have a neutral charge

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10
Q

Isotope

A

The # neutrons changes

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11
Q

The amount of protons:

A

Can never change

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12
Q

The mass of 1 proton =

A

The mass of 1,803 electrons

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13
Q

2 Most common isotopes:

A

Uranium/Plutonium

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14
Q

3 Hydrogen Isotopes:

A

Protium - 1P/0N
Deuterium - 1P/1N
Tritium - 1P/2N

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15
Q

Ion

A

Atom with a charge
Electron # changes

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16
Q

Valence electrons

A

Outermost electrons/those in the last NRG level

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17
Q

Max # electrons in an NRG level:

A

2n^2

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18
Q

All elements are:

A

Neutral

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19
Q

Group 1:

A

+1 Ionic Charge
1 Bond
1 Valence Electron

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20
Q

Group 2:

A

+2 Ionic Charge
2 Bonds
2 Valence Electrons

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21
Q

Group 3:

A

+3 Ionic Charge
3 Bonds
3 Valence Electrons

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22
Q

Group 4:

A

+4/-4 Ionic Charge
4 Bonds
4 Valence Electrons

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23
Q

Group 5:

A

-3 Ionic Charge
3 Bonds
5 Valence Electrons

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24
Q

Group 6:

A

-2 Ionic Charge
2 Bonds
6 Valence Electrons

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25
Q

Group 7:

A

-1 Ionic Charge
1 Bonds
7 Valence Electrons

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26
Q

Group 8:

A

0 Ionic Charge
0 Bonds
8 Valence Electrons (Except He)

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27
Q

Compound:

A

2 or more elements together

28
Q

Element:

A

Simplest form of matter

29
Q

Group 1 called:
Group 2 called:
Group 7 called:
Group 8 called:
No group:
Below the table:
- 1st Row:
- 2nd Row:

A

Alkali metals (not H)
Alkaline Earth Metals
Halogens
Noble Gases
Transitional Elements
Inner Transitional Elements
Lanthanides
Actinides

30
Q

Elements to the left of ziz-ag line:
Elements to the right of zig-zag line:

A

Metals (Not H)
Nonmetals

31
Q

Metalloids have:

A

Properties of both metals and nonmetals

32
Q

Bromine is the only:

A

Nonmetal liquid at room temp.

33
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Transferring of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal

34
Q

Covalent Bond

A

Sharing of electrons between 2 nonmetals

35
Q

Shape of a water molecule

A

Bent

36
Q

When H2O freezes:

A

It expands
Floats in water (less dense)
Volume -> Up
Density -> Down

37
Q

Why is water polar?

A

Oxygen is slightly negative
Hydrogen is slightly positive

38
Q

Hydrogen Bond:

A

Bond formed between 2 molecules involving Fluorine, Oxygen, or Nitrogen and Hydrogen
(can be broken)

39
Q

1 Water Molecule makes:

A

4 Hydrogen Bonds

40
Q

Cohesion

A

Attraction between the same substance
(Polar molecules can bond with itself)

41
Q

Adhesion

A

Attraction between different substances
(Capillarity (sieve tubes) or meniscus)

42
Q

O
I
L
R
I
G

A

Oxidation
Is
Losing
Reduction
Is
Gaining

43
Q

Atomic Mass is always:

A

A whole number
(Or an average of Isotopes)

44
Q

How to find neutron number:

A

Atomic Mass-Atomic Number

45
Q

Solids:

A

Definite shape and volume/FIXED

46
Q

Liquids:

A

Indefinite shape and definite volume/FLOWING

47
Q

Gas:

A

Indefinite shape and volume/COMPRESSABLE

48
Q

Reactant

A

Substance that starts a rxn

49
Q

Product

A

Substance that is made in a chemical rxn

50
Q

Plasma

A

Ionized gas/4th state of matter

51
Q

Ion with + charge:
Ion with - charge:

A

cation
anion

52
Q

Enzyme:

A

Protein that acts as a catalyst

53
Q

Catalyst:

A

Speeds up a chemical rxn

54
Q

H2O+CO2=

A

H2CO3 (Carbonic Acid) which can be carried in the blood

55
Q

H2O+CO2 rxn takes place in:
H2CO3 rxn takes place in:

A

Blood
Lungs

56
Q

Which catalyst speeds up Carbonic Acid rxn?

A

Carbonic Anhydrase

57
Q

pH Scale:

A

14 Numbers
Measures acidic and basic substances
0-7 is acid, 7-14 is base, 7 is neutral

58
Q

Acids have:
Bases have:

A

More H+ hydrogen ions that OH- hydroxide ions
More hydroxide ions OH- than hydrogen ions H+

59
Q

H+ + OH- =
H20 =

A

H2O
H+ + OH-

60
Q

Buffer

A

Neutralizes small amounts of pH

61
Q

Solute:

A

Stuff that is dissolved

62
Q

Solvent:

A

Stuff that does the dissolving

63
Q

Solution:

A

Solute and Solvent together

64
Q

Electron Configuration:

A

The most stable arrangement of electrons in an element

65
Q

NRG Level broken down into:

A

Sublevels into orbitals

Biology (5 decks)

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