Biology Chapter 1

Question 1

The smallest and most fundamental unit of matter

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

The collection of all ecosystems and represents the zones of life on earth. It includes land, water and portions of the atmosphere.

Answer 2

Biosphere

Question 3

The smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living organisms.

Answer 3

Cell

Question 4

The set of populations inhabiting a particular area.

Answer 4

Community

Question 5

Part of an experiment that does not change.

Answer 5

Control

Question 6

Consists of all the living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, or non-living, parts of that environment such as nitrogen in the soil or rainwater.

Answer 6

Ecosystem

Question 7

– An organism that has membrane-bound organelles and nuclei. Any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus.

Answer 7

Eukaryote

Question 8

The process of gradual change in a population that can also lead to new species arising from older species

Answer 8

Evolution

Question 9

A form of logical thinking that uses a general principle or law to forecast specific results.

Answer 9

Deductive reasoning

Question 10

Able to be disproven by experimental results.

Answer 10

Falsifiable

Question 11

The ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions. Example: Organisms that regulate their body temperature like a polar bear.

Answer 11

Homeostasis

Question 12

A suggested explanation for an event, which can be tested.

Answer 12

Hypothesis

Question 13

A form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion.

Answer 13

Inductive reasoning

Question 14

Large molecules that are typically formed by combining smaller units called monomers.

Answer 14

Macromolecule

Question 15

They make up cell components or organelles and are themselves, made up of atoms.

Answer 15

Molecule

Question 16

Collections of tissues grouped together based on a common function.

Answer 16

Organ

Question 17

A higher level of organization that consists of functionally related organs. Example: Circulatory system that transports blood includes organs such as the heart and blood vessels .

Answer 17

Organ system

Question 18

Small structures that exist within cells and perform specialized functions.

Answer 18

Organelle

Question 19

Highly organized structures that consist of one or more cells.

Answer 19

Organism

Question 20

Scientific papers that are reviewed, usually anonymously by a scientist’s colleagues, or peers.

Answer 20

Peer-reviewed article

Question 21

A diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both.

Answer 21

Phylogenetic tree

Question 22

All the individuals of a species living within a specific area.

Answer 22

Population

Question 23

Single-celled organisms that lack organelles surrounded by a membrane and do not have nuclei surrounded by nuclear membranes.

Answer 23

Prokaryote

Question 24

Describes how elements of nature will behave under certain specific conditions. Often expressed in mathematical formulas.

Answer 24

Scientific law

Question 25

A method of research with defined steps that include experiments and careful observation.

Answer 25

Scientific method

Question 26

A generally accepted, thoroughly tested and confirmed explanation for a set of observations or phenomena. The foundation of scientific knowledge.

Answer 26

Scientific theory

Question 27

Groups of similar cells carrying out the same function.

Answer 27

Tissue

Question 28

Any part of the experiment that can vary or change during the experiment.

Answer 28

Variable