Biology ch 9

Question 1

What is energy

Answer 1

the ability to do work

Question 2

forms of energy

Answer 2

light , heat, electricity, chemical energy stored in compounds

Question 3

3 groups of atp, adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate

Answer 3

Energy stored between phosphate groups.

Question 4

Adenine Triphosphate aka ATP

Answer 4

basic energy source used by all cells, used to store and release energy.

Question 5

Cells store energy by adding a phosphate group to ADP molecules to make ATP.
Energy is stored in ATP. ADP stores more energy. Adp= adenosine disophate. ATP= Adenosine triphosphate.

Question 6

Releasing energy, when a cell needs energy it can release it by breaking the bond between the second and third phosphate groups in atp.
Therefore Atp can storw or release energy from bond formation or breaking.

Question 7

Cells are constantly converting ADP to ATP
how would you change atp to adp

Question 8

atp break the bond it becomes adp

Answer 8

Atp and batteries
ADP being a rechargeable battery
ATP being a fully charged battery.

Question 9

Autotrophs- organisms that make their own food
Heterotrophs- organisms that obtain their food by consuming other living things.

Question 10

chlorophyll- light absorbing pigments in plants
chlorophyll absorbs all wavelengths of light except green. green is reflected.

Question 11

photosynthesis takes place inside organelles called chloroplasts. Chloroplast containes chlorophyll. Chloroplast is made out of stroma and thylakoid. Stroma- fluid portion of the chloroplast outside the thylakoids. Thylakoids- flattened sacs found in chloroplast.

Question 12

Photosynthesis equation.
Carbon dioxide+ water light Sugars+ oxygen
carbon dioxide and water are reactants and sugars and oxygen. Products.

Question 13

Light dependent reactions require light and light absorbing pigments
occcurs in the thylakoids
water is converted into oxygen in the thylakoids. water molecules are being split in the thylakoids and oxygen comes out.

Question 13

Photosynthesis involves 2 sets of reactions. Light dependent reactions- needs light is where the stroma
Ligh independent reactions- does not need light.

Question 13

Light independent reactions use ATP produced in the light dependent reactions to produce sugars from carbon dioxide
occurs in stroma
CO2 is used to make sugars.
The reactions are done separately but depend on each other.

Question 13

Temperature
light
water

Question 14

organisms get the energy they need from food. Food molecules contain chemical energy that is released when their chemical bonds are broken.

Question 15

cell repiration is a process of energy conversion that releases energy from food in the prescence of oxygen.

Question 16

glucose first enters a chemical pathway known as glycolysis. A small amount of energy is captured to produce ATP. One molecule of glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid
glucose ( 6 carbons), Pyruvic acid ( 3 carbons). Glycoylsis does not require oxygen.

Question 17

ATP and NADH are produced during glycolsis.
Pyruviate acide enters the mitochondria from glyolysis and is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy extracting reactions.