Biology Ch 1-4

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Control center of the cell; contains DNA

Question 2

Cytoplasm

Answer 2

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Question 3

cell membrane

Answer 3

The lipid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of the cell

Question 4

nuclear envelope

Answer 4

A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus in the cell

Question 5

Nucleolus

Answer 5

region where ribosome subunits are assembled

Question 6

Nucleoplasm

Answer 6

viscous fluid enclosed by the nuclear envelope

Question 7

vesicles

Answer 7

small membrane sacs that specialize in moving products into, out of, and within a cell

Question 8

Lysosomes

Answer 8

a vesicle that breaks down cellular debris and waste

Question 9

Peroxisomes

Answer 9

enzyme filled vesicles that break down fatty acids, amino acids and toxic substances

Question 10

vacuoles

Answer 10

large, fluid filled vesicles that store or break down waste, debris, toxins or food

Question 11

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 11

system of sacs and tubes extending from the nuclear envelope

Question 12

smooth ER

Answer 12

makes phospholipids, stores calcium

Question 13

rough ER

Answer 13

ribosomes that make proteins

Question 14

Golgi body

Answer 14

modifies proteins, adds finishing touches and their sorted into new vesicles

Question 15

Mitochondria

Answer 15

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production

Question 16

Plastids

Answer 16

double-membraned organelles that function in photosynthesis, storage, or pigmentation in plant and algal cells

Question 17

Chloroplast

Answer 17

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

Question 18

Microtubules

Answer 18

dynamic scaffolding for many cellular processes

Question 19

Microfilaments

Answer 19

Long, thin fibers that function in the movement and support of the cell

Question 20

intermediate filaments

Answer 20

strengthen the cell and help maintain its shape; stabilize the position of organelles

Question 21

cilia

Answer 21

The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner

Question 22

flagella

Answer 22

whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement

Question 23

pseudopods

Answer 23

temporary protrusion that can move a cell or engulf prey