Biology-Cells quiz

Question 1

Robert Hooke 1665

Answer 1

Discovered/ named the cells after the cells in monasteries

Question 2

Anton Leeunwenhoek 1674

Answer 2

first record of viewing microbes

Question 3

Matthias Schleiden 1838

Answer 3

proposed that all plants are composed of cells

Question 4

Theodor Schwann

Answer 4

proposed that all animals are composed of cells

Question 5

Rudoff Virchow 1855

Answer 5

showed that cells are produced via the division of existing cells

Question 6

History of cell theory

Answer 6

all living things are composed of cells
cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
new cells are made from existing cells

Question 7

Types of cells

Answer 7

does the cel contain a nucleus

Question 8

Eukaryotic

Answer 8

these cells contain a nucleus and often other organelles, they are more complex in nature and can allow for multicellular organisms

Question 9

Eukaryotic Domains

Answer 9

protists
fungi
plants
animals

Question 10

prokaryotic

Answer 10

no nucleus or organelles simple and only allow multicellular organisms

Question 11

prokaryotic domains

Answer 11

bacteria
achera

Question 12

nucleus

Answer 12

controls most of the cell’s processes and contains the hereditary info of the DNA

Question 13

Nucleolus

Answer 13

where the assembly of ribosomes begin

Question 14

ribosomes

Answer 14

makes proteins

Question 15

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 15

new ribosomes move into it where they are chemically modified

Question 16

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 16

contains collections of enzymes that perform specialized tasks and synthesize lipids

Question 17

Golgi apparatus

Answer 17

attaches carbohydrates and lipids to proteins

Question 18

lysosomes

Answer 18

small organelles with enzymes

Question 19

vacuoles

Answer 19

where water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates in cells

Question 20

mitochondria

Answer 20

organelles that release energy from stored food molecules

Question 21

chloroplasts

Answer 21

energy from the sunlight to make energy rich food molecules in photosynthesis

Question 22

Cytoskeleton

Answer 22

network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain it’s shape

Question 23

Cell membrane

Answer 23

a thin flexible barrier around a cell regulates what enters/leaves the cell

Question 24

Cell Wall

Answer 24

strong layer around all membrane in plants algae and bacteria.

Question 25

transport across cell boundaries

Answer 25

molecules of gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, as well as small molecules like ethanol, enter the cell by crossing the cell membrane without the assistance of any permease.

Question 26

Diffusion

Answer 26

particles cross the membrane randomly Therefore spreading out as whole particles more form areas of high concentration

Question 27

Facilated diffusion

Answer 27

diffusion of larger particles through protein channels in the cell membrane

Question 28

Active transport

Answer 28

movement of particles against concentration difference from low concentration to high concentration requires an input of cellular energy Three types of active transport

Question 29

Osmosis

Answer 29

specifically the diffusion of water

Question 30

molecular transport

Answer 30

using proteins and energy to pump particles across the membrane low concentration to high concentration

Question 31

endocytosis

Answer 31

cell membrane folds around the cell/ materials the cell wishes to import briefly forms a vacuole

Question 32

exocytosis

Answer 32

vacuole fuses w/ the cell membrane, ejecting it's contents