Biology: Cells and Taxonomy

Question 1

Who coined the term “cell”?

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

Question 2

Who determined that plants are made of cells?

Answer 2

Schleiden

Question 3

Who determined that animals are made of cells?

Answer 3

Schwann

Question 4

Who determined that all cells come from pre-existing cells?

Answer 4

Rudolf Virchow

Question 5

What are the characteristics of life?

Answer 5

Order, Reproduction, Regulation, Homeostasis, Energy Processing, Response to Stimuli

Question 6

What gets replicated during reproduction?

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

What is the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions?

Answer 7

Homeostasis

Question 8

Which cells have no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles?

Answer 8

prokaryotes

Question 9

Which cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles?

Answer 9

eukaryotes

Question 10

These single-celled organisms are found EVERYWHERE!

Answer 10

bacteria

Question 11

Is a virus considered living or not?

Answer 11

NOT living

Question 12

How are all living things organized?

Answer 12

Smallest to largest

Question 13

List the three parts of the cell theory?

Answer 13

All living things are made of cells, All cells come from pre-existing cells, cells are the basic unit and structure of life

Question 14

What is an organized or specialized structure within a living cell?

Answer 14

organelle

Question 15

What regulates the transfer of materials entering or exiting the cell?

Answer 15

cell membrane

Question 16

What is the control center that regulates the activities of the cell?

Answer 16

nucleus

Question 17

What is the powerhouse of the cell?

Answer 17

mitochondria

Question 18

What makes proteins, and links amino acids together in the order specified by the RNA?

Answer 18

ribosomes

Question 19

What are the folded membranes within the cytoplasm, involved in intracellular transport?

Answer 19

golgi apparatus

Question 20

What helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization?

Answer 20

cytoplasm

Question 21

What is the space within a cell dealing with disposal of various substances?

Answer 21

vacuoles

Question 22

What is a symbiotic relationship where one organism lives inside another?

Answer 22

endosymbiosis

Question 23

What is the protein shell of a virus?

Answer 23

capsid

Question 24

What is a membrane bound organelle that serves as the sight of photosynthesis?

Answer 24

chloroplast

Question 25

What is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes?

Answer 25

lysosome

Question 26

What gives plants their green color and helps them produce energy via photosynthesis?

Answer 26

chlorophyll

Question 27

What helps in organizing microtubules that serve as the cell's skeletal system?

Answer 27

centrioles

Question 28

What generates hydrogen peroxide used for oxidative purposes?

Answer 28

peroxisomes

Question 29

Which approach to biological classification is based on the most recent common ancestor?

Answer 29

cladistics

Question 30

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 30

Archaea, Eukarya, Bacteria

Question 31

What refers to organization in descending levels of complexity?

Answer 31

biological hierarchy

Question 32

Which diagram is used in cladistics to show relationships among organisms?

Answer 32

cladogram

Question 33

Which is the branching diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among organisms?

Answer 33

evolutionary tree

Question 34

What are identifying statements with 2 choices in each step?

Answer 34

dichotomous key

Question 35

What are the 6 Kingdoms?

Answer 35

Plantae, Animalia, Protista, Archaean, Fungi, Bacteria

Question 36

How many Kingdoms are prokaryotic?

Answer 36

2

Question 37

How many Kingdoms are eukaryotic?

Answer 37

4

Question 38

What is the primary component of the cell walls of fungi?

Answer 38

chitin

Question 39

What is the specialized form of extracellular matrix that surrounds every cell of a plant?

Answer 39

cell wall

Question 40

What carbohydrate is the plant cell wall composed of?

Answer 40

cellulose

Question 41

Which is the largest Kingdom?

Answer 41

animalia

Question 42

What are characteristics or attributes of an organism that are expressed by genes and/or influenced by the environment?

Answer 42

traits

Question 43

What is the correspondence of body parts in size, shape, and relative position on opposite sides of a dividing line, or distributed around a central point or axis?

Answer 43

symmetry