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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA > Biology: Cells and Taxonomy > Flashcards

Biology: Cells and Taxonomy Flashcards

1
Q

Who coined the term “cell”?

A

Robert Hooke

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2
Q

Who determined that plants are made of cells?

A

Schleiden

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3
Q

Who determined that animals are made of cells?

A

Schwann

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4
Q

Who determined that all cells come from pre-existing cells?

A

Rudolf Virchow

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of life?

A

Order, Reproduction, Regulation, Homeostasis, Energy Processing, Response to Stimuli

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6
Q

What gets replicated during reproduction?

A

DNA

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7
Q

What is the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions?

A

Homeostasis

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8
Q

Which cells have no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles?

A

prokaryotes

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9
Q

Which cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles?

A

eukaryotes

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10
Q

These single-celled organisms are found EVERYWHERE!

A

bacteria

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11
Q

Is a virus considered living or not?

A

NOT living

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12
Q

How are all living things organized?

A

Smallest to largest

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13
Q

List the three parts of the cell theory?

A

All living things are made of cells, All cells come from pre-existing cells, cells are the basic unit and structure of life

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14
Q

What is an organized or specialized structure within a living cell?

A

organelle

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15
Q

What regulates the transfer of materials entering or exiting the cell?

A

cell membrane

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16
Q

What is the control center that regulates the activities of the cell?

A

nucleus

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17
Q

What is the powerhouse of the cell?

A

mitochondria

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18
Q

What makes proteins, and links amino acids together in the order specified by the RNA?

A

ribosomes

19
Q

What are the folded membranes within the cytoplasm, involved in intracellular transport?

A

golgi apparatus

20
Q

What helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization?

A

cytoplasm

21
Q

What is the space within a cell dealing with disposal of various substances?

A

vacuoles

22
Q

What is a symbiotic relationship where one organism lives inside another?

A

endosymbiosis

23
Q

What is the protein shell of a virus?

A

capsid

24
Q

What is a membrane bound organelle that serves as the sight of photosynthesis?

A

chloroplast

25
Q

What is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes?

A

lysosome

26
Q

What gives plants their green color and helps them produce energy via photosynthesis?

A

chlorophyll

27
Q

What helps in organizing microtubules that serve as the cell’s skeletal system?

A

centrioles

28
Q

What generates hydrogen peroxide used for oxidative purposes?

A

peroxisomes

29
Q

Which approach to biological classification is based on the most recent common ancestor?

A

cladistics

30
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

Archaea, Eukarya, Bacteria

31
Q

What refers to organization in descending levels of complexity?

A

biological hierarchy

32
Q

Which diagram is used in cladistics to show relationships among organisms?

A

cladogram

33
Q

Which is the branching diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among organisms?

A

evolutionary tree

34
Q

What are identifying statements with 2 choices in each step?

A

dichotomous key

35
Q

What are the 6 Kingdoms?

A

Plantae, Animalia, Protista, Archaean, Fungi, Bacteria

36
Q

How many Kingdoms are prokaryotic?

A

2

37
Q

How many Kingdoms are eukaryotic?

A

4

38
Q

What is the primary component of the cell walls of fungi?

A

chitin

39
Q

What is the specialized form of extracellular matrix that surrounds every cell of a plant?

A

cell wall

40
Q

What carbohydrate is the plant cell wall composed of?

A

cellulose

41
Q

Which is the largest Kingdom?

A

animalia

42
Q

What are characteristics or attributes of an organism that are expressed by genes and/or influenced by the environment?

A

traits

43
Q

What is the correspondence of body parts in size, shape, and relative position on opposite sides of a dividing line, or distributed around a central point or axis?

A

symmetry

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