Biology B3

Question 0

What is the job of the nucleus

Answer 0

Carry genetic information

Question 1

Name 4 parts of the cell

Answer 1

• Nucleus
• chromosomes
• cell membrane
• cytoplasm

Question 2

What is the job of the cell

Membrane

Answer 2

To control the movements of substances that come in and out of the cell

Question 3

What is occuring in the cytoplasm

Answer 3

Many chemical reactions

Question 4

What is DNA

Answer 4

It’s a molecule found tightly coiled inside the nucleus

Question 5

What is a molecule

Answer 5

A group of atoms that have bonded together

Question 6

Where and why are ribosomes used?

Answer 6

They are used in the cell when protiens are made

Question 7

What does DNA do

Answer 7

It forms structures called chromosomes. A section of these chromosomes is called a gene

Question 8

What is occuring in mitochondria?

Answer 8

Cell respiration

Question 9

What occurs during respiration

Answer 9

Energy is released from glucose in the presence of oxygen

Question 10

What could you not do if you didn’t have DNA

Answer 10

You could not make proteins needed for growth and repair

Question 11

Which initials of the four bases of DNA go together?

Answer 11

A - T

C - G

Question 12

What does each three bases of DNA code for?

Answer 12

An amino acid

Question 13

What does the DNA code need to do in order to make protiens?

Answer 13

Copy

Question 14

When the DNA code has been copied, what is that copied code called?

Answer 14

mRNA

Question 15

Why do cells like liver and muscles have a higher number of mitochondria than others?

Answer 15

Because mitochondria gives out large sums of energy which is what these particular muscles need to have in order to work

Question 16

What are chomosomes?

Answer 16

Long coiled molecules of DNA which are divided up into genes

Question 17

What is the name of the structure given to DNA?

Answer 17

A double helix

Question 18

What does the double helix have?

Answer 18

Cross links made of chemicals called bases

Question 19

How many bases does DNA have

Answer 19

4

Question 20

What does a cross link have

Answer 20

Two bases known as base pairs

Question 21

Where are ribosomes used?

Answer 21

In the cytoplasm

Question 22

Where does the mRNA go to after the nucleus?

Answer 22

The ribosomes

Question 23

What is the code used for at the ribosomes?

Answer 23

The put the amino acids together in the right order to form proteins

Question 24

What is the process of protein sythesis called?

Answer 24

Translation

Question 25

What is the job of the chromosomes

Answer 25

Carries genetic information on from the nucleus

Question 26

Name 3 types of protein

Answer 26

- Collagen - Insulin - Haemoglobin

Question 27

Where is collagen found?

Answer 27

In the walls of arteries

Question 28

What does collagen do?

Answer 28

It makes cell walls stronger

Question 29

What does insulin do?

Answer 29

It controls your blood glucose levels

Question 30

What is haemoglobin used for?

Answer 30

Carrying oxygen around the body

Question 31

Describe what mutations are

Answer 31

Mutations are when a gene code changes. When it changes it can cause the shape of a gene to change so it can no longer do its job

Question 32

How can enzymes be denatured?

Answer 32

- Extreme pH levels | - High temperatures

Question 33

What does Q10 mean

Answer 33

It is another word for temperature coefficient and it shows the effect of temperature in a reaction

Question 34

What is the equation of Q10

Answer 34

Rate of higher temperature -------------------------------- Rate at lower temperature

Question 35

What is the word equation for aerobic repsiration?

Answer 35

Glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water

Question 36

Balanced symbol equation for respiration is?

Answer 36

C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 > 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

Question 37

What is oxygen debt

Answer 37

The amount of oxygen consumed after exercise compared to amount of oxygen consumed during exercise

Question 38

Cells divide when the body needs to....

Answer 38

- grow - replace worn out cells - repair damaged tissue

Question 39

What is a cell called when it has pairs of chromosomes

Answer 39

A diploid

Question 40

Name the three blood vessels which carry blood around the body

Answer 40

- Arteries - veins - capilarries

Question 41

What is the job of the red blood cell

Answer 41

Defends against disease

Question 42

What is the job of the white blood cells

Answer 42

Helps blood to clot

Question 43

What is the job of the platelets

Answer 43

To transport oxygen

Question 44

Explain how red blood cells are adapted to carry as much oxygen as possible

Answer 44

- Their red colour comes from a chemical called haemoglobin. Oxygen joines to this to become oxyhaemoglobin so it can go around the body - no nucleus which allows more room for oxygen - they are very small so they can carry oxygen all over the body

Question 45

What is liquid plasma adapted to do

Answer 45

- transports water | - dissolved substances such as food, hormones, antibodies and waste products around the body

Question 46

What is the structure of the arteries

Answer 46

Thick muscular and elastic wall to help withstand high blood pressure as the blood leaves the heart

Question 47

What is the structure of the veins

Answer 47

large lumen to help blood flow at low pressure. This also helps valves stopping blood from going the wrong way

Question 48

What is the structure of capillaries

Answer 48

Thin, permable wall to allow exchange of material with body tissue

Question 49

What is the job of the vacuole

Answer 49

To absorb light energy for photosynthesis

Question 50

What is the job of the cell wall

Answer 50

Contains cell sap and provides support

Question 51

What is the job of the chloroplast

Answer 51

Provide support

Question 52

Why do scientists use genetic engineering on people

Answer 52

To treat disorders like cystic fibrosis

Question 53

A haploid is ....

Answer 53

Half of a diploid