Biology -B3 Flashcards
What does the nucleus do
It carries genetic information -DNA
What does the cell membrane do
Controls what substances go in and out of the cell
What does cytoplasm do
Where chemical reactions take place
What carries genetic information?
Chromosomes
What is mitochondria and where can you find it
In every cell in cytoplasm - site of respiration
What are ribosomes
Used to make proteins - catalyst
What is the equation for respiration
Oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water + energy
What are the base pairs for DNA
T&A and G&C
What makes an amino acid?
3 base pairs
What are the properties of a catalyst
They speed up a reaction
They are reusable
They are essential to the body for respiration and protein synthesis
Protest is a catalyst, what does it help make
Protein -> amino acid
Carbohydrate amylase is a catalyst, what does it make
Carbohydrate -> glucose
Lipase is a catalyst, what does it make
Fat -> glycerol + fatty acids
What is the lock and key mechanism
It is where the substrate molecule has the be the right shape to fit the enzyme molecule
What will happen to enzymes if they are put into different PHs or heated
Denature - change shape
What is the respiration symbol equation
6O2 + C6 H12 O6 -> energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O
How do you work out the rate of respiration
Carbon dioxide (divided by) oxygen used
Why does the body have to make new cells
For growth
Repair
Replace
What’s the advantage of being multi cellular
We can grow large
What is a diploid cell
All mammals have diploid cells
Cells that have 23 pairs of chromosomes
What is mitosis
Mitosis is when cells divide to make 2 new identical cells containing the exact same number of chromosomes and genetic information as the mother cell
46 pairs -> 92 pairs -> 46 pairs
Makes 2 diploid cells
What is meiosis
A form of cell division in sex cells which is not genetically identical
46 pairs -> 92 pairs -> 46 pairs -> 23 pairs
Makes 4 cells
What is the pulmonary circuit
Carries blood to lungs to be oxygenated
Then back to the heart
What is the systemic circuit
Takes bloom around the body
Returns deoxygenated blood to the heart
