Biology B1

Question 1

What features are in an animal cell

Answer 1

Mitochondria, nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes

Question 2

What features are in a plant cell

Answer 2

cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, chloroplasts, permanent vacuole

Question 3

What features are in plant cells and not animal cells

Answer 3

Chloroplasts, cell wall, permanent vacuole

Question 4

Which cell has an irregular shape

Answer 4

animal

Question 5

which cell carries out aerobic respiration in the mitochondria

Answer 5

plant

Question 6

what is the function of the nucleus

Answer 6

controls the cell

Question 7

what is the role of the cytoplasm

Answer 7

chemical reactions take place

Question 8

What does the cell membrane do

Answer 8

controls the movement of substances entering and exiting the cell

Question 9

What does the mitochondria do

Answer 9

provides energy

Question 10

what do the ribosomes do

Answer 10

protein synthesis takes place, making the protein the cell needs

Question 11

what is the chloroplasts function

Answer 11

contains chlorophyll which absorbs light so the plant can make food by photosynthesis

Question 12

what does the permanent vacuole do

Answer 12

keeps the cell rigid

Question 13

What are eukaryotic cells

Answer 13

plants, animals, fungi, protista

Question 14

what are prokaryotic cells

Answer 14

bacteria

Question 15

what is the general material

Answer 15

cytoplasm enclosed in a membrane

Question 16

what are the similarities of a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell

Answer 16

they both have a cell membrane and cytoplasm

Question 17

What are the differences between a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell

Answer 17

the general material in a prokaryotic cell is not enclosing the nucleus whereas in a eukaryotic cell it is

Question 18

what is a flagella

Answer 18

a long strand of protein

Question 19

what is the function of the flagella

Answer 19

to move and transport the cell

Question 20

which cell (eukaryotic or prokaryotic) has a flagella

Answer 20

prokaryotic

Question 21

what are plasmids

Answer 21

small rings of DNA

Question 22

Which cell is smaller (prokaryotic or eukaryotic)

Answer 22

prokaryotic

Question 23

what stage does specialisation in an animal cell take place

Answer 23

an early stage

Question 24

what is the role of the nerve cell

Answer 24

to catty electrical impulses around the body and provide a rapid communication system

Question 25

what are the adaptions of the nerve cell

Answer 25

-lots of dendrites to connect to other cells -an axon that carries the impulse from one place to another -pass impulses by using special transmitter chemicals

Question 26

what do muscles cells do

Answer 26

contract and relax

Question 27

what are the adaptions of the muscle cell

Answer 27

-contain special proteins that slide over each other to make the fibres contract -contain mitochondria to transfer energy for chemical reactions -can store glycogen

Question 28

what is glycogen

Answer 28

a chemical that can be broken down and used in cellular respiration by the mitochondria to transfer energy needed for the fibres to contact

Question 29

what do sperm cells do

Answer 29

carry genetic information about the male parent

Question 30

what do sperm cells swim through to get to the female egg

Answer 30

water and the female reproductive system

Question 31

what are adaptations of the sperm cell

Answer 31

-long tail to help move -the middle of it is full of mitochondria for energy -acrosomes stores digestive enzymes to break the outer layers of the egg -a large nucleus containing genetic information to pass on

Question 32

what are enzymes

Answer 32

a biological catalysts that speed up reactions

Question 33

what are dendrites

Answer 33

nerve endings that branch to other cells

Question 34

what are sub-cellular structures

Answer 34

organelles

Question 35

give some examples of sub-cellular organelles

Answer 35

nucleus, ,mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum

Question 36

what are endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 36

sheets of membrane and tubules that start at the nucleus and extend across the cell

Question 37

what do root hair cells do

Answer 37

help take in water and minerals

Question 38

where are root hair cells always near

Answer 38

the xylem cell

Question 39

what are the adaptions of the root hair cell

Answer 39

-increased surface area for more water -large permanent vacuole which speeds up the movement of water -many mitochondria that gives energy for active transport

Question 40

what action is minerals - root hair cell

Answer 40

active transport

Question 41

what is osmosis

Answer 41

the movement of water

Question 42

what does the photosynthetic cell do

Answer 42

make their own food by photosynthesis

Question 43

what are the adaptions of the photosynthetic cell

Answer 43

-contains chlorophyll -positioned in continuous layers for more sunlight -large permanent vacuole to keep the cell rigid

Question 44

what does the xylem cell do

Answer 44

carries water and minerals around the plant

Question 45

what are the adaptions of the xylem cell

Answer 45

-a chemical called lignin build up the centre of the plant and creates a hollow for the water and minerals to flow through easier -rings of lignin surround the hollow making it strong so it can withstand the pressure of the water moving throughout

Question 46

what does a phloem cell do

Answer 46

carries dissolved food made from photosynthesis throughout the plant

Question 47

what are the adaptions of the phloem cell

Answer 47

-cell walls between the cells break down to form sieve plates -they lose a lot of the internal structure so a companion cells.

Question 48

what are sieve plates and what do they do

Answer 48

connection points between elements

Question 49

what are xylem and phloem cells

Answer 49

transport tissues

Question 50

What is transferred from the companion cells to the phloem cells

Answer 50

mitochondria