Biology- animal and plant cell Flashcards
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function cytoplasm
medium for biochemical reaction to take place
functions of cytoplasm
a jelly like medium which is present between the nucleus and the cell membrane
function of nucleus
controls all activities in the cell
Characteristics of nucleus
-largest component in thr cell
- contains genetic material DNA
Function of mithochondrion
generates energy through cellular respiration
Characteristics of mithochondrion
-rod shaped component
- consists of two layers of membrane : smooth outer
: folded inner
Characteristics of centriole
-small cylindrical components
-made up of complex arrangement of microtubules
function of centriole
from spindle fibre during cell division in animals
Characteristics of Golgi apparatus
consists a sack of parallel flattened sacs that are coated by a single cell of membrane
function of Golgi apparatus
modifies ,packs and transports chemicals such as proteins carbohydrates and glycoprotein
Characteristics of plasma membrane
-thin and elastic film
-partially permeable
-made up of protein and phospholipids
Function of plasma membrane
-separates content of cell from the external environment
-contorols movements in and out of cell
Characteristics of lysosomes
-small spherical sac that contains hydrolytic enzymes
Function of lysosomes
breaks down bacteria and components of damaged cells
Characteristics of ribosome
-small,ccompact and spherical granules
-consists of protein and ribonucleic acid
-present on the surface of the rough endoplasmic recticulum or exits freely in the cytoplasm
Function of ribosome
site for protein synthesis
Characteristics of endoplasmic reticulum
- a network of interconnected membrane -bounded sac
-consist of two types
:smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(with ribosomes attached)
:rough endoplasmic reticulum
(with no ribosomes attached)
Function of endoplasmic recticulum
rer: transports proteins made by ribosomes
ser: involved in synthesis of lipids
Characteristics of vocuole
-a liquid filled sac which is the cell sap
-surrounded by tonoplast membrane
-cell sap contains water, organic acids, sugars, amino acids, enzymes, mineral salt, enzymes, oxygen, carbon dioxide and metabolic by products
function of vacuole
-water into vocuole plant cell and the cell becomes turgid
-in a unicellular animals the voucuole contracts during osmoregulation, osmosis and excretion
Characteristics of chloroplast
-oval shaped
-two layers of membrane
-contaisn chlorophyll pigments in the grana that gives the plant a green colour
Function of chloroplast
absorbs sunlight and converts it to chemical energy during photosynthesis
Characteristics of cell wall
-strong rigid outer layer
-made up of cellulose fibre and is fully permeable
function of cell wall
-mantains shape of plant cell
- provides support to plant cell
