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MCAT Behavioral Sciences > Biology and Behavior > Flashcards

Biology and Behavior Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Afferent neurons

A

Ascend in the cord toward the brain

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2
Q

Efferent neurons

A

Exit the cord to an effector

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3
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and the spinal cord

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4
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

cranial and spinal nerves

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5
Q

Somatic

A

PNS: Voluntary

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6
Q

Autonomic

A

PNS: Automatic

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7
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Autonomic: rest and digest

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8
Q

Sympathetic

A

Autonomic: fight or flight

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9
Q

Hindbrain

A

Cerebellum, medulla oblongata, reticular formation

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10
Q

Midbrain

A

Inferior and superior colliculi

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11
Q

Forebrain

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, limbic system, cerebral cortex

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12
Q

Thalamus

A

Sensory information

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13
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Homeostasis
Feeding, fighting, flighting, sexual functioning

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14
Q

Basal ganglia

A

Smooth movements and maintain postural stability

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15
Q

Limbic System

A

Septal nuclei, amygdala, hippocampus
Controls emotion and memory

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16
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Executive function
Impulse control
Long-term planning
Motor function
Speech production

17
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Touch
Pressure
temperature
pain
spatial processing
Orientation
manipulation

18
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual processing

19
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Sound processing
speech perception
memory
emotion

20
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Voluntary muscle control
Parasympathetic nervous system
Attention
Alertness

21
Q

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Fight or flight
Wakefulness
Alertness

22
Q

Dopamine

A

Smooth movements
Postural stability

23
Q

Serotonin

A

Mood
Sleep
Eating
Dreaming

24
Q

GABA and glycine

A

Brain stabilization

25
Q

Glutamate

A

Brain excitation

26
Q

Endorphins

A

Natural painkillers

27
Q

Rooting reflex

A

Infant turns his or her head toward anything that brushes the cheek

28
Q

Moro reflex

A

Infant extends arms then slowly retracts them and cries in response to sensation of falling

29
Q

Babinski reflex

A

The big toe is extended and the other toes fan in response to the brushing of the sole of the foot

30
Q

Grasping reflex

A

Infant grabs anything put into their hand

MCAT Behavioral Sciences (11 decks)

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