Biology a Global approach/ unit 2 cell biology Flashcards
Cytoplasm
Is a jelly-like substance containing the cell’s parts.
Cell membrame
Separates the inside and the outside of the cell.
It controls what comes in and goes out.
Nucleus
Is an organelle that contains a cell’s genes.
Ribosome
Organelles that help in the synthesis of proteins.
Nucleoulus
The control center of the cell.
The largest organelle which contains the DNA of the cell.
Golgi complex
Sorting and shiping the proteins produced in the ER.
ER (out writen name)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
A network of membranes trough the cytoplasm of the cell.
Rough endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Place where the most protein syntesis happens in the cell
Smooth endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Synthesize(blend) lipids in the cell.
Lysosomes
**Helps to break down the large molecules **
In smaller pieces that the cell can use
Are ceated by the Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Packages the energy from the food into ATP molecules.
Flagellum (Bonus)
A tail attached to the main body of the cell
DNA (Bonus)
Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid.
contains all the information for the cell to live.
Eukaryotic cell
Multicellular oransims.
With a nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles.
Animals plants fungi and yeasts(gisten)
Prokaryotic cell
Unicellular organisms.
without a nucleus of membrane enclosed organelles
Bacteria and archaea.
Both plant and animal cells have..
mitochondria
4 type of tissue
Muscle tissue
Epithelial tissue
Nerve tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tussue
produce movement of body parts.
Epithelial tissue
Covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands.
For EG the skin
Nerve tussue
Responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities.
Connective tissue
Support organs and the body as a whole, store fat, transport substances, protect against disease, and help repair tissue damage.
EG blood
Tissue
Made up of cells that are similar in structure and function and which work together to perform a specific activity
What is a cell
A cell is the smallest (microscopic) structural-functional unitof life of an organism.
Lipid double layer (and carbohydrates)
ProvidesCellstructure
Cellular communication consist of..
Hormones (Endocine)
Neurotransmitters (Nervous)
Cytokines (Defense system)
Homeostasis
The self-regulating process
A organism from small to big:
cell - tissue - organ - organ system- organism
An ogan is made up of
tissues that work together to preform a specific activity
Mitosis
makes an exact duplicat of the DNA in all the cells
Meiosis
Splits every chromosome pair of the DNA in all the cells for reproduction
What needs a cell to get more energy?
more mitochondria
ATP molecules
Are made by the mitrochondria and profidde the energy for all the cells activities.
Organic
Being or coming from living plants and animals
Inorganic
Not being or coming from living plants and animals
Organell means
Little organ.
Cillia
Microscopic hair-like projections that can move in waves.
Flagella (Bacteria)
Is like a little tail that can help a cell to move it self
Flagellum
the tail of sperm cells
All cells have
A cell membrane.
Cytoplasm.
Genetic material
Homeosatis positive feedback
when the product of a reaction leads to an increase in that reaction
Homeostasis negative feedback
Regulate different functions in the body to keep the system in balance.
Haploid
One allel from everey chromosome pair
Diploid
Two complete sets of chromosomes
