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Revision > Biology 9E > Flashcards

Biology 9E Flashcards

1
Q

What is a pathogen

A

A disease causing a microorganism

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2
Q

What do toxins do

A

Damage tissues

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3
Q

Where do viruses reproduce

A

Host cells

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4
Q

What’s the xylem used for in a leaf

A

Used in transportation/ dead cells

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5
Q

What’s the phloem used for in a leaf

A

Used in translocation, translocates water/ alive cells

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6
Q

Word equation for photosynthesis

A

water + carbon dioxide > oxygen + glucose

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7
Q

Symbol equation for photosynthesis

A

6h20 + 6co2 > 6o2 + c6h206

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8
Q

Function of upper epidermis

A

Reduces water loss and allows light through

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9
Q

Function of palisade cell layer

A

Contains most chloroplasts to be able to photosynthesise

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10
Q

Function of spongy cell layer

A

Increase surface area, allows diffusion between stomata and photosynthesis cells

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11
Q

Function of stomata

A

On lower surface / allows gas exchange

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12
Q

Function of guard cells

A

Open and close stomata

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13
Q

Lower epidermis

A

Allows gas exchange and flow of water

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14
Q

How is a rose black spot spread

A

Touching leaves

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14
Q

What are symptoms of salmonella

A

Throwing up/ diarreha

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15
Q

What is used to treat rose black spot

A

Fungisitis

16
Q

Equation to work out magnification

A

Image divide actual x magnification

17
Q

What is transpiration

A

Water loss by evaporation from surface of plants

18
Q

What is the transpiration stream

A

Flow of water up xylem tubes due to loss of water

19
Q

In a potometer why must the apparatus be set up under water

A

So it doesn’t get loads of air gaps

20
Q

What measurements would need to be made in order to get a volume of water uptake

A

Pi r 2 x distance

21
Q

How does light intensity affect transpiration

A

Opens stomata and allows co2 into plant = faster transpiration rate

22
Q

How does temperature affect the transpiration rate

A

The hotter the temp the more energy molecules have so evaporation of molecules will be more rapid

23
Q

How does humidity affect the transpiration rate

A

The drier the air there will be a steeper gradient in the concentration of water vapour between inside and outside of leaf

24
Q

How does air movement affect transpiration rate

A

The faster the air movement the quicker the water vapour is removed from the leaf surface

25
Q

How does water leave through the stomata

A

Fusion

26
Q

Why is the photosynthesis reaction described as endothermic

A

Takes in energy

27
Q

How does temp affect photosynthesis

A

Affects enzymes as rate increases until reaches optimum

28
Q

How does light intensity affect photosynthesis

A

Provides energy , as light increases the rate increases

29
Q

How does carbon dioxide affect photosynthesis

A

As carbon dioxide increases The rate increases

30
Q

How does chlorophyll affect the photosynthesis

A

Absorbs light as chlorophyll increases the rate increases

31
Q

What do plants need for photosynthesis

A

Water sunlight carbon dioxide fertilise and temp

32
Q

What part of a plant cell absorb energy for photosynthesis

A

Chloroplasts

33
Q

What are the uses of glucose

A

Respiration ,storage ,structure, long-term storage, transport growth/enzymes

34
Q

How is biomass useful to us?

A

Fuel ,food, paper ,drugs

35
Q

How does the plant obtain nitrate?

A

Absorbed from the soil through Root hairs into xylem

36
Q

Why is nitrate needed for plants?

A

Glucose plus nitrate equals amino acids and protein

37
Q

What would happen if a plant with deficient in nitrate?

A

Stunted growth on the leaves, go yellow

38
Q

Why is iodine added to a leaf?

A

To test for starch iodine goes from orange to blue black if starch present

Revision (3 decks)

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