Biology 9E Flashcards
What is a pathogen
A disease causing a microorganism
What do toxins do
Damage tissues
Where do viruses reproduce
Host cells
What’s the xylem used for in a leaf
Used in transportation/ dead cells
What’s the phloem used for in a leaf
Used in translocation, translocates water/ alive cells
Word equation for photosynthesis
water + carbon dioxide > oxygen + glucose
Symbol equation for photosynthesis
6h20 + 6co2 > 6o2 + c6h206
Function of upper epidermis
Reduces water loss and allows light through
Function of palisade cell layer
Contains most chloroplasts to be able to photosynthesise
Function of spongy cell layer
Increase surface area, allows diffusion between stomata and photosynthesis cells
Function of stomata
On lower surface / allows gas exchange
Function of guard cells
Open and close stomata
Lower epidermis
Allows gas exchange and flow of water
How is a rose black spot spread
Touching leaves
What are symptoms of salmonella
Throwing up/ diarreha
What is used to treat rose black spot
Fungisitis
Equation to work out magnification
Image divide actual x magnification
What is transpiration
Water loss by evaporation from surface of plants
What is the transpiration stream
Flow of water up xylem tubes due to loss of water
In a potometer why must the apparatus be set up under water
So it doesn’t get loads of air gaps
What measurements would need to be made in order to get a volume of water uptake
Pi r 2 x distance
How does light intensity affect transpiration
Opens stomata and allows co2 into plant = faster transpiration rate
How does temperature affect the transpiration rate
The hotter the temp the more energy molecules have so evaporation of molecules will be more rapid
How does humidity affect the transpiration rate
The drier the air there will be a steeper gradient in the concentration of water vapour between inside and outside of leaf
