Biology Flashcards
How many layers do bacteria cells have between the outside?
There are 3 layers
What layers do bacteria cells have?
- Plasmid membrane
- Polysaccharide cell wall
- Slime capsule
What is the role of chloroplasts?
- Makes food for the cell
- Site of photosynthesis
What is the role of rough endoplasmic reticulum?
- Transports proteins within the cell
- Provides a large surface area for ribosomes
What is the role of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
- Synthesis of cholesterol
- Synthesis of lipids / phospholipids
- Synthesis of steroid hormones
What is the role of golgi apparatus?
Modifies proteins by adding sugar molecules to make glycoproteins
What is the function of ribosomes?
The site of protein synthesis
What is the function of undulipodia?
Makes the spermatozoon move
What is the function of cytoplasm?
A substance that holds other substances in place
What is the function of mitochondria?
- Releases energy stored to carry out cells activities
- Site of ATP production during aerobic respiration
What is the function of lysosome?
- Breaks down materials in the cell
- Keeps powerful hydrolytic enzymes separate from the rest of the cell.
What is the function of vacuole?
Storage spaces for food + water
What is the the equation for magnification
Magnification = Image / Real size
What is the the equation for magnification
Magnification = Image / Real size
How do you work out the real size in terms of magnification?
Real size = Image / Magnification
How do you work out the real size in terms of magnification?
Real size = Image / Magnification
What’s are the similarities between gram negative and gram positive bacteria?
- They both have an inner most plasma membrane
- They both have outer capsules
What’s are the similarities between gram negative and gram positive bacteria?
- They both have an inner most plasma membrane
- They both have outer capsules
What are the differences between gram negative and gram positive bacteria?
- Gram negative has an additional cell wall
- Gram negative has a thinner peptidoglycan cell wall whereas positive has a thick cell wall
- Gram positive is more easily treatable with antibiotics
- Gram negative loses its purple colour after a stain due to the thin cell wall
- Gram positive stains purple
What are the properties of a prokaryotic cell?
- Single cellular organism
- Not membrane bound
- Extremely tiny
- Single circular chromosomes attached to cell wall
Describe the properties of a eukaryotic cell.
- Single or multicellular
- Membrane bound
- Larger then prokaryotic but still very tiny
- Linear chromosomes in the nuclear floating in the centre of the cell
Describe the structure of a bacteria cell.
- Slime capsule
- Flagella
- Plasmids
- Cell wall
- Cell membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Genetic material
What are the components of a sensory neurone?
- Dendrites
- Cell body
- Mylein shealth
- Axon
What are the components of a synaptic knob / bulb?
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- Mitochondria
- Neurontransmitters
- Mylein shealth
- Axon
- Presynpatic membrane
- Calcium channels
