Biology Flashcards
cells
cells are the building blocks of every organism on the planet.
prokaryotic cells
these cells are smaller and more simpler. bacteria are prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells are complex. All animal and plant cells er eukaryotic.
Plant and animal cells have similarities and differences
The different between parts of a cell are called sub cellular structures. Most animal cells have these sub cellular structures:
- Nucleus
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane
- mitochondria
- ribosomes
Nucleus
Contains genetic material. The genetic material controls what the cell does.
Cytoplasm
Where most of the chemical reactions happen.
Cell membrane
Controls what goes in and what goes out of the cell
Ribosomes
These are where proteins are made in the cells
Mitochondria
Where most of aerobic respiration happens. Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work.
Plant and animal cells have similarities and differences
The different between parts of a cell are called sub cellular structures. Most plant cells have the same sub cellular structures as a animal cell but plant cells also have:
- cell wall
- chloroplasts
- permanent vacuole
Cell wall
Made of cellulose
Chloroplasts
Where photosynthesis happens, photosynthesis produces/makes food for the plant.
A permanent vacuole
Contains cell sap
Bacteria cells have these sub cellular structures
- cell wall
- a single loop of DNA
- cytoplasm
- plasmids
- cell membrane
Plasmids
Small rings of extra DNA
