Biology Flashcards
What do most human and animal cells have
A nucleus Cytoplasm A cell membrane Mitochondria Ribosomes
What is the function of a nucleus
To control the activities of the cell
What happens in the cytoplasm
Most chemical reactions take place
What is the function of a cell membrane
To control the passage of substances into and out of the cell
What is the function of mitochondria
To release energy from respiration
What is the function of ribosomes
Protein synthesis
What do most plant cells have
A nucleus Cytoplasm A cell membrane Mitochondria Ribosomes Chloroplasts Cell wall Vacuole
What is the function of a cell wall
To strengthen the cell. It is made of cellulose
What is the function of chloroplasts
To absorb light energy to make food (through photosynthesis)
What is a vacuole filled with
Cell sap
What does a bacterial cell consist of
Cytoplasm
Membrane
Cell wall
The genes are not in a distinct nucleus
What is yeast
A single-celled organism
What does a yeast cell consist of
A nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Why might cells be specialised
To carry out a particular function
What does diffusion allow
Dissolved substances to move into and out of cells
Oxygen required for respiration to pass through cell membranes
What is diffusion
The spreading of the particles of any substance resulting in a net movement from a region where there is a higher concentration to a region with a lower concentration
When is the rate of diffusion faster
When the difference in concentration is greater
What is a tissue
A group of cells with similar structure and function
What are some examples of tissues
Muscular tissue
Glandular tissue
Epithelial tissue
What can muscular tissue do
Contract to bring about movement
What can glandular tissue do
Produce substances such as enzymes and hormones
What can epithelial tissue do
Cover some parts of the body
What are organs made of
Tissues. One organ may contain several tissues
What does the stomach contain
Muscular tissues - to churn the contents
Glandular tissue - to produce digestive juices
Epithelial tissue - to cover the inside and outside of the stomach