Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Dobbo's Science for Single > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 5 senses

A 
touch
taste
smell
hearing
sight
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do we need for a balanced diet?

A

Different amounts from all the main food groups.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do carbs in the diet do?

A

Release energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are proteins in the diet for?

A

Growth and repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is calcium in the diet for?

A

Bones and teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is iron in the diet for?

A

Healthy blood (part of haemoglobin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is metabolic rate?

A

The rate at which the chemical reactions in the body happen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Meat is made form protein. If you are a veggie what do you need to do?

A

Get protein from a vegetable source or you won’t grow or repair.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is obesity?

A

When you are 20% or more over the recommended body mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What health problems arise as a results of obesity?

A

arthritis
type 2 diabetes
high blood pressure
coronary heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do we say you get if you eat too little of certain foods?

A

A deficiency disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Do you get a higher or lower metabolic rate if you exercise?

A

HIgher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does eating a lot of saturated fat affect your cholesterol level?

A

It can raise it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can having too much salt in the diet give you?

A

High blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do we call microorganisms which cause disease?

A

Pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why do bacteria and viruses make us feel ill?

A

They produce toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a toxin?

A

A poison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where do viruses reproduce?

A

Inside cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why don’t bacteria get into our lungs?

A

We have hairs and mucus in our windpipes (trachea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How do white blood cells protect us?

A

They engulf pathogens
They produce antibodies
They produce antitoxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is an antigen?

A

A marker which says where the cell has come from. eg Mrs D’s cells have Mrs D antigens!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Are there lots of different antibodies?

A

Yes and we need specific ones for specific antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the MMR jab for?

A

Measles, mumps and rubella (German measles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does a vaccine contain?

A

Dead or weakened pathogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is an epidemic?
An outbreak of a disease
26
What does a painkiller do?
Stops pain (doesn't kill microorganisms!)
27
What do antibiotics kill?
Bacteria
28
What temperature can you grow microorganisms at in the lab?
25 degrees C (Hotter would be dangerous if a pathogen got into your plate)
29
Can an antibiotic kill a virus?
No, only bacteria
30
What did Semmelweiss introduce in hospitals?
Hand washing between patients to stop the transfer of pathogens
31
What do we call a change to your environment in the nervous system topic?
A stimulus
32
What detects a stimulus?
A receptor
33
What are rods and cones?
Receptors in the eye
34
What are effectors?
Muscles or glands
35
What does the central nervous system (CNS) consist of?
Brain and spinal cord
36
What carries and electrical signal from the receptor to the brain or spinal cord?
Sensory neurone
37
Which neurones are found in the CNS?
Relay neurones
38
Which neurones carry electrical signals to effectors?
Motor neurones
39
What are the gaps called between neurones?
Synapses
40
What things needs controlling in our bodies?
Glucose levels Body temperature Ion levels Water levels
41
How do we lose water?
In sweat, urine and breath
42
What is a hormone?
A chemical messenger
43
Where is FSH made?
The pituitary gland
44
Where is oestrogen made?
The ovary
45
Where is LH made?
The pituitary gland
46
What does FSH do?
Matures eggs | Stimulates oestrogen production
47
What does Oestrogen do?
Inhibits FSH Stimulates LH Thickens uterus lining
48
What does LH do?
Stimulates ovulation
49
What does IVF stand for?
In vitro fertilisation (test tube babies)
50
Which 2 hormones are used in IVF?
FSH and LH
51
Which hormone is used in contraception?
Oestrogen
52
What are plant hormone called?
Auxins
53
If you shine light on a plant where does the auxin accumulate
On the dark side (Young Skywalker!!)
54
Where is auxin made?
The tip of the shoot or root
55
What is the posh word for the response to light?
Phototropism
56
Where does auxin accumulate in roots?
On the lower side
57
What is the difference between how auxins work in roots and shoots?
In shoots, cells get longer, in roots it inhibits growth
58
What can auxins be used for?
Rooting powders | Selective weedkillers
59
What does a drug do?
Alters body chemistry
60
What is a recreational drug used for?
Fun fun fun!
61
What are performance enhancing drugs?
Anabolic steroids - build muscle | Stimulants - heighten response or give energy
62
What can a drug lead to if it alters body chemistry?
Addiction and withdrawal symtoms
63
Which drugs lower your cholesterol level?
Statins
64
What does a painkiller do?
Stops you feeling pain
65
What is a placebo?
A sugar pill/ fake drug
66
What is a double blind trial?
A drugs trial where neither patient or doctor know who is taking the real drug or the placebo
67
What is the name of the drug which caused limb deformities in babies in the late 1950's?
Thalidomide
68
What was the original use for Thalidomide?
As a sleeping pill
69
What is Thalidomide used to treat today?
Cancer and leprosy
70
Name a highly addictive drug
Heroin, nicotine or ecstasy
71
What can cannabis do to your mental health?
You can become schizophrenic
72
Why do nicotine and alcohol cause more problems that heroin?
Because they are more widely available
73
If you live in the Arctic what do you need to prevent?
Heat loss
74
If you live in the desert what do you need to prevent?
Water loss
75
Why is a spine or thorn useful for defence?
It deters predators
76
What is an extremophile?
An organism which can live in seriously extreme conditions, like high or low temp or pH
77
Which 'plant like organisms' can you use to detect poor air quality?
Lichens (a mix of algae and fungi)
78
Which organisms detect poor water quality?
Freshwater invertebrates
79
What does a food chain show?
What eats what and how the energy is passed from one organism to another
80
What is each stage of a food called?
A trophic level
81
What is on the bottom in a pyramid of biomass
Plants or producers
82
Are pyramids of biomass always pyramid shaped?
Yes
83
Are pyramids of numbers always pyramid shaped?
No eg an oak tree and all the organisms which live on it would have a small bottom
84
How is energy lost in a food chain?
Respiration, movement, waste and uneaten bits
85
Why don't you often get really long food chains?
Too much energy is wasted at each trophic level
86
Why do you need holes in a compost bin?
For microorganisms to get oxygen for respiration
87
Which organisms take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
Plants - they are our friends!!
88
Does respiration produced carbon dioxide?
Yes and water
89
What is a gamete?
A sex cell
90
Where are your chromosomes found?
In the nucleus
91
What are chromosomes made up from?
DNA
92
What does asexual reproduction produce?
A genetically identical copy of the parent or a clone
93
What is sexual reproduction?
Fusion of gametes
94
What is an advantage of taking a cutting form a plant?
Cheap and quick, and you chose the plant you want
95
Why is tissue culture better than taking a cutting?
You get more plants
96
Are there 2 parents with embryo tranplantation?
Yes, eg and prize bull and a prize cow
97
In adult cell cloning, (like Dolly the sheep) what do you have to do to get the nucleus to divide when it is in the new empty egg cell?
Give it an electric shock! Ouch!
98
What is a clone?
A genetically identical copy of it's parent
99
What do you use in genetic engineering to cut out genes?
enzymes
100
If you used a bacterium what bit would you use?
plasmid
101
What was Charles Darwin's idea?
Natural selection
102
Who came up with the wrong idea about evolution?
Jean Baptiste Lamarck

Dobbo's Science for Single (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions